目的 分析婴儿换乳期食物的添加对儿童1岁后饮食行为的影响,以期对儿童口腔功能及良好饮食行为有所帮助。方法 收集189名于无锡妇幼保健院进行体格检查的1～5岁儿童,采用面对面问卷调查儿童一般情况、饮食行为、婴儿换乳期食物添加情况,Logistic 多元回归进行饮食行为影响因素的分析。结果 189名儿童中具有不良饮食行为者占30.69%,其次分别为对某种食物特别偏好(26.98%)、胃口差(21.69%)及害怕进食(6.35%),四种不良饮食行为在不同年龄组及性别间分布均无统计学差异;婴儿颗粒状食物添加时间对儿童1岁后胃口有影响(P<0.05),OR值为1.305;婴儿期颗粒状食物添加频率对1岁后偏好某种特别食物有影响(P<0.05),OR值为0.610;婴儿期泥糊状、颗粒状、块状食物添加的时间、频率、添加量及对换乳期食物的接受程度均不影响1岁后不良进食习惯及害怕进食的发生(P>0.05)。结论 换乳期食物的合理添加可降低胃口差、偏好某种食物的饮食行为问题的发生。

Objective To analyze the effect of introduction of complementary foods on dietary behaviors of children after one year of age. Methods A total of 189 children aged 1～5 years old having physical examination in Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were recruited in the study,the general situation,eating behaviors and the situation of complementary foods during the infant periods were surveyed by questionnaire,the influence factors of dietary behavior were analysed by Logistic multiple regression. Results The children with eating behavior problems were 30.69% in the total of 189 research objects.Secondly,special preference for certain food,poor appetite and afraid of eating respectively were 26.98%,21.69% and 6.35%.The distribution was no statistical difference in four kinds of eating behavior problems among different age and gender groups.The time of introduction of granular food during the infant period impacted on the appetite of children after one year of age(P<0.05),the value of OR was 1.305; The frequency of introduction of granular food during infant period affected special preference for certain food after one year of age(P<0.05),the value of OR was 0.610;The time and frequency of introduction of different characteristics,food quantity and acceptance to complementary food did not affect the incidence of eating behaviors and afraid of eating after one year of age(P>0.05). Conclusion Introduction of complementary food at the right time may be reducing the incidence of dietary behavior problems with poor appetite and dietary bias.