目的 了解合肥市城区低出生体重发生的相关因素,为卫生部门制定干预措施提供依据。方法 利用合肥市妇幼卫生信息系统,根据是否发生低出生体重,建立出生队列(共纳入280名低出生体重儿和200名正常出生体重儿),对低出生体重发生的相关因素进行回顾性调查,并采用二项式Logistic回归分析法分析危险因素。结果 合肥市城区低出生体重发生率为4.03%,女婴高于男婴(χ²=38.78,P<0.05);多因素研究显示早产(OR=16.466,95%CI:8.539～31.754)、妊娠合并症(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.063～6.163)、孕期增重(OR=0.944,95%CI:0.899～0.992)和孕期食欲(OR=0.264,95%CI:0.104～0.619)与低出生体重发生的关联具有统计学意义。结论 早产、妊娠合并症增加低出生体重发生的风险,孕期增重增加、孕期食欲好可降低低出生体重发生,应采取有针对性的综合措施降低低出生体重发生率。

Objective To explore the related factors of low birth weight and provide evidence for intervention measures. Methods A birth cohort was established according to the occurrence of low birth weight( including a total of 280 low birth weight and 200 normal birth weight children),the related factors of low birth weight were retrospectively investigated through maternal and child information system,using the method of binomial Logistic regression risk factors were analysed. Results The incidence of low birth weight was 4.03% in the urban district of Hefei,and the incidence in baby girls was higher than that in baby boys(χ²=38.78,P<0.05).The multi-factor studies showed that preterm birth(OR=16.466,95%CI:8.539～31.754),pregnancy complications(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.063～6.163),pregnancy weight gain (OR=0.944,95%CI:0.899～0.992)and pregnancy appetite (OR=0.264,95%CI:0.104～0.619)were associated with low birth weight. Conclusion Premature birth and pregnancy complications could increase the risk of low birth weight,then increased weight gain during pregnancy and good appetite during pregnancy could reduce low birth weight,so comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of low birth weight.