目的 了解学龄期哮喘儿童心理行为问题的发生情况,探讨个性特征及自我意识与学龄期哮喘儿童行为问题的关系。方法 采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale,PHCSS)以及艾森克人格问卷-儿童版(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)对213名学龄期哮喘患儿进行问卷调查。结果 1)学龄期哮喘患儿的行为问题检出率为24.4%,主要表现为抑郁、分裂样、攻击及交往不良等;2)有行为问题的哮喘患儿在自我意识量表总分(51.28±15.88 vs 57.14±13.41,P<0.05)及智力与学校情况(9.50±4.42 vs 10.93±3.61,P<0.05)、躯体外貌属性(6.47±3.62 vs 8.14±3.16,P<0.01)、合群(7.88±2.64 vs 8.78±2.03,P<0.05)维度上的得分显著低于无行为问题哮喘儿童。3)Logistic回归分析的结果显示,自我意识中的合群维度能够显著预测行为问题的发生(B=-0.998,SE=0.435,P=0.022)。结论 学龄期哮喘儿童的行为问题发生率相对较高,自我意识是影响患儿行为问题的重要心理因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of behavioral problems in school-aged children,and study the relationship of personality and self-awareness with behavioral problems. Method Totally 213 school-aged children with asthma were investigated with Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (PHCSS). Results 1)The prevalence rate of behavioral problems in school-aged children with asthma was 24.4%,mainly for depression,schizophrenia,attack and bad communication etc.2)Their scores of the sum and some dimensions,such as intelligence and school situation,physical appearance attributes and gregariousness of PHCSS were all lower than the matched children.3)The logistic regression analysis revealed that gregariousness was a significant predictor of behavioral problems. Conclusion The prevalence of behavioral problems in school-aged children with asthma is higher,and self-awareness is an important influence factor on behavioral problems.