目的 了解上海市非户籍儿童的营养状况的变化趋势,为相关部门制定卫生保健政策提供依据。方法 分别于2006年、2009年,采用分阶段、不等比例、随机整群抽样的调查方法,在同一抽样社区对0～6岁户籍与非户籍儿童的体格生长、辅食添加、一周食物摄入等内容进行回顾性调查。结果 非户籍儿童“偏食、挑食”的比例高,达到30.2%,但较2006年的35.8%有所下降(P<0.01);与2006年相比,非户籍儿童添加“肉”和“鱼虾”的时间有所提前,8个月后添加者比例下降(P<0.01);非户籍儿童每日进食“蛋”、“鱼虾”、“豆制品”和“水果”的比例较2006年有所增加(P<0.05),分别上升的数值范围为39.90%～45.51%、7.63%～16.39%、5.85%～12.33%、58.07%～65.01%;非户籍儿童体重低下、生长迟缓的比例比户籍儿童高(P<0.05),分别为3.8% vs 2.0%、3.3% vs 1.8%。结论 非户籍儿童的喂养和营养状况、体格生长与户籍儿童相比仍有差距,但已经有所改善。针对性提供健康宣传教育,改善儿童保健服务利用,可以促进非户籍儿童的健康。

Objective To investigate the feeding and nutrition status and to analyze the requirements of the children's health care service for the temporal residents. Methods A disproportionate stratified randomized cluster sampling method was used to investigate the nutrition and growth status in temporal children.United inquiry card and questionnaire were used for data collection and t-test for statistics analysis. Results The dietary problems in the temporal children were relatively severe than the permanent ones as 30.2%,but declined than 2006 as 35.8%(P<0.01).And their taking supplement food as egg,fish with shrimp,bean products and fruit were also better than 3 years ago,which differented from 39.90% to 45.51%,7.63% to 16.39%,5.85% to 12.33%,58.07% to 65.01% respectively(P<0.05).The health status of the temporal children were also quite improved but still not as good as the permanent ones,the ratio of underweight and stunting were 3.8% vs 2.0%,3.3% vs 1.8%(P<0.05). Conclusion The temporal children' health status will be improved when they have been afforded effective educations and accessible health care service utilizations from the medical service department.