目的 研究孤独谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿的症状特点、心理问题及对父母情绪障碍的影响。方法 分别使用孤独症行为量表和长处与困难问卷对593名患儿进行行为学表现和心理评估,同时使用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表评估患儿父母的情绪障碍表现。结果 在情绪及多动注意不能和困难总分方面,高年龄组的患儿表现出了更多的困难(F=4.361,P=0.013;F=16.029,P=0.000;F=9.638,P=0.013),同时在亲社会行为方面,高年龄组则表现更好(F=11.052,P=0.000);无论在焦虑或是抑郁障碍,母亲更易患情绪障碍(χ2=15.893,P=0.000;χ2=27.592,P=0.000);父母的抑郁,焦虑情绪与ASD患儿的多个行为学表现维度相关,并直接受症状严重程度的影响。结论 ASD患儿行为学表现在不同年龄段表现不同,体现在情绪、多动注意不能及亲社会行为方面;母亲往往比父亲更易患有情绪障碍,父母亲的情绪障碍受ASD患儿的多个行为表现维度影响,应引起注意。
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the symptom,behavior characteristics and parental mood disorders of the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method Totally 593 ASD children were tested by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ),and parental mood disorders were evaluated with Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Results Compared to lower age group,the higher age group showed more difficult in mood subscale,hyperactivity subscale and total points(F=4.361,P=0.013;F=16.029,P=0.000;F=9.638,P=0.013),and the higher group presented better in prosocial behavior dimension (F=11.052,P=0.000);Compared to fathers,mothers were apt to suffer from mood disorders in both depression or anxiety disorders (χ2=15.893,P=0.000;χ2=27.592,P=0.000);Parental depression and anxiety were related with various behavior performance,and were directly affected by the severity of the symptoms of their ASD children. Conclusions Children with ASD behave different with age,reflected in mood,hyperactivity and prosocial behavior dimensions;Mothers are more easily afflicted with mood disorders than fathers,and parental emotional disorders are positive correlated with the severity of symptoms in various behavior problems,which is worthy of attention.
关键词
孤独谱系障碍 /
行为症状 /
父母 /
情绪障碍
Key words
autism spectrum disorder /
behavior symptom /
parents /
mood disorder
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基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973) (2010CB529602);上海市科委重点项目(11411952401);上海交通大学医工交叉重点项目(YG2013ZD0503)
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