目的 分析吸附无细胞百白破疫苗(adsorbed acellular DTP combined vaccine,DTaP)疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)影响因素,完善疑似预防接种异常反应管理。方法 针对2011年1月-2014年12月在本院航海东路社区卫生服务中心接种DTaP发生AEFI 41例进行回顾性监测分析。结果 同期DTaP共接种3月龄~2周岁的儿童28 494人,发生AEFI 41例,发生率为0.144%。通过4年来接种DTaP发生AEFI监测数据进行对比,4年间AEFI呈整体下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.614,P=0.035)。结论 数据显示,AEFI全年各月份均有出现,以7月、8月居多,呈现出夏季高发的态势,多发生在第3针或第4针。AEFI发生与DTaP疫苗本身固有特性、儿童年龄、接种剂次、接种季节时间、接种技术等相关。因此通过在接种DTaP时要严格规范化安全操作,掌握接种禁忌证,尤其注意AEFI的高发时机,做好接种告知提醒,可以从最大程度上减少AEFI发生。

Objective To analyze influencing factors of adsorbed acellular DPT combined vaccine (DTaP) adverse events following immunization (AEFI) and improve the AEFI management.Methods From January 2011 to December 2014 in Navigation Road community health service center of our hospital,41 cases with DTaP AEFI reaction were retrospectively monitoring analyzed.Results During the period of DTaP inoculation,28 494 children aged from three months to 2 years were vaccinated,41 children appeared AEFI reaction,the incidence rate was 0.144%.Compared through 4 years,the AEFI reaction rate showed a downward trend in overall (χ2=8.614,P=0.035).Conclusions Data showed,AEFI appeared in each month throughout the year.AEFI reaction rates were higher in the month of August and July,with a high trend in summer,and often occurred in the third or fourth pin.The AEFI of DTaP vaccine was related with inherent characteristics,children's age,inoculation time,inoculation time,seasonal vaccination and other related technology.Strictly standardized safety operation,close attention to the vaccination contraindication and the high incidence time of AEFI,completing the vaccination information warning,could reduce the AEFI.