目的 观察早期饮食干预对高过敏风险婴儿过敏性疾病发生发展的影响,了解饮食干预对过敏性疾病发生、发展的影响。方法 选取高过敏风险婴儿200名,随机分为干预组(饮食干预)和非干预组,随访12个月,观察两组婴儿过敏性疾病的发生发展情况。结果 1) 饮食干预6 、12 个月后,干预组湿疹和喘息性疾病发生率均小于非干预组(P<0.05),12月时干预组过敏性鼻炎发生率小于非干预组(P<0.05)。12月时干预组的过敏症状严重程度较非干预组也显著减轻(P<0.05)。2) 饮食干预6、12个月后,干预组的过敏原阳性率和食物过敏原阳性率均低于非干预组(P<0.05),干预12月后,干预组婴儿的肺功能优于非干预组(P<0.05)。结论 对高过敏风险婴儿进行饮食干预能降低过敏性疾病的发生和严重程度。

Objective To learn the effect of diet intervention on prevention of allergic disease in high risk infants.Methods A total of 200 high risk infants were recruited and randomly divided into intervention group(diet control) and non-intervention group.A randomly controlled trial was conducted to compare the development of allergic diseases between two groups for 12 months. Results 1) After 6 months and 12 months follow up,the incidences of eczema and asthma in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the non-intervention group (P<0.05).After 12 months,the incidence of allergic rhinitis in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the non-intervention group (P<0.05).After the 12 months intervention,the severity of eczema,asthma and allergic rhinitis decreased significantly (P<0.05).2) There were significant differences in allergen detection Results and food allergen detection Results between intervention group and non-intervention group after 6 months and 12 months (P<0.05).After 12 months,the TPTEF/TF and VPEF/VE in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the non-intervention group (P<0.05).Conclusion Early diet intervention can reduce the incidence of allergic diseases and alleviate the development of allergic diseases in high risk infants.