目的 掌握新疆维吾尔族和柯尔克孜族儿童青少年形态发育指标的变化特征,为学校体育卫生工作提供科学依据。方法 对1985年和2010年新疆维吾尔族和柯尔克孜族7~18岁儿童青少年身高、体重、胸围调查资料进行分析比较。结果 25年间新疆维吾尔族和柯尔克孜族学生的身高、体重、胸围基本保持增长,其中,维吾尔族男生平均增长值分别为:3.3 cm、3.3 kg、-0.6 cm,女生分别为:0.8 cm、1.6 kg、2.7 cm;柯尔克孜族男生平均增长值分别为:4.9 cm、3.2 kg、0.1 cm,女生分别为:4.2 cm、3 kg、1 cm。柯尔克孜族男、女生的身体形态发育水平优于维吾尔族男、女生,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或0.01)。结论 近25年间,新疆维吾尔族和柯尔克孜族学生的身体形态发育各有差异,其原因是多方面的,除了遗传因素外主要为生态环境、生活习惯、学校体育、经济社会发展水平等方面存在差异。

Objective To investigate the variation of the morphological development indicators of the Uyghur and Kirgiz primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang,and to provide scientific basis for the physical health in school. Methods Analysis was made on the investigation data of the Uyghur and Kirgiz primary and secondary school students' height,weight and chest circumference between 1985 and 2010 in Xinjiang. Results nearly 25 years,remained basic growth of Xinjiang Uygur and Kirgiz ethnic minorities of students' and the average growth values of height,weight,chest circumference were:Uyghur male student' 3.3 cm,3.3 kg,-0.6cm,Uyghur female student' 0.8 cm,1.6 kg,2.7 cm;Kirgiz male student' 4.9 cm,3.2 kg,0.1 cm,Kirgiz female student' 4.2 cm,3 kg,1 cm,respectively.Kirgiz students' body shape development were better than Uyghur students',and the differences had statistically significant(P＜0.05～0.001). Conclusions Nearly 25 years,Xinjiang ethnic minorities of Uyghur and Kirgiz students' body shape development are varies.The reason is various,in addition to differences in genetic factors,main factors of lifestyle,sports,school environment level and other aspects of economic and social development have differences.