目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)与孤独症患儿母亲养育压力的差异及影响因素。方法 采用父母压力指数量表(Parenting Stress Index,PSI)对ADHD患儿(n=150,7~12岁)及孤独症患儿(n=131,7~12岁)母亲进行评定。结果 孤独症组母亲每个分量表得分及父母、儿童方面总分均高于ADHD组(P<0.05)。多元回归分析结果表明放任自流的教养方式可能是孤独症患儿母亲父母领域总分和压力总分的影响因素。结论 孤独症患儿母亲较ADHD患儿母亲承受着较高的压力。
Abstract
Objective To explore the difference in parenting stress from mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism. Method PSI (Parenting Stress Index ) were finished by mothers of children with ADHD (n=150,7~12 years old) and autism (n=131,7~12 years old) who diagnosed by DSM-Ⅳ criteria. Results Mothers of autistic children reported higher scores of stress in all subscales and parent/child domain than those of mothers of children with ADHD (P<0.05).Mothers' adopt parenting style such as indulgent might be the source of stress. Conclusion Mothers with autistic children experience higher stress than mothers of ADHD children.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍患儿 /
孤独症患儿 /
父母压力指数量表
Key words
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
autism /
Parenting Stress Index(PSI)
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 杜亚松.儿童心理障碍诊疗学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:383.
[2] Yumei WAN,Qiang HU,Ting LI,et al.Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders among children in China:a systematic review[J].Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry,2013,25(2):70-80.
[3] Graziano PA,McNamara JP,Geffken GR,et al.Severity of children's ADHD symptoms and parenting stress:A multiple mediation model of self-regulation[J].Abnorm Child Psychol,2011,39(5):1073-1083.
[4] 范娟,徐通,赵志民,等.哌甲酯控释剂治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童父母压力的影响[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(5):339-343.
[5] 龚云,杜亚松,李惠琳,等.孤独症患儿父母压力和情绪变化及相关因素[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2012,20(4):297-301.
[6] Ji WANG,Yan-jie HU,Yuan WANG,et al.Parenting stress in Chinese mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2013,48(4):575-582.
[7] Steijn DJV,Oerlemans AM,Aken MAGV,et al.The reciprocal relationship of ASD,ADHD,depressive symptoms and stress in parents of children with ASD and/or ADHD[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2014,44(5):1064-1076.
[8] American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders[M].4th ed.Washington DC:American Psychiatric Association,1994.
[9] Abidin RR.Parenting stress index[M].3rd Ed.Odessa,FL:Psychological Assessment Resource.
[10] 喻芳,郭明,喻志敏,等.父母教养方式对有无共患其他精神障碍注意缺陷多动障碍的影响[J].中国妇幼保健,2013,34:5691-5694.
[11] 刘靖,杨晓玲,贾美香,等.2004年北京市儿童2~6岁广泛性发育障碍的现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(5):290-293.
[12] 欧婉杏,查彩慧,汪玲华.孤独症儿童家长心理状态的研究[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12(12):947-949.
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2010CB529602);上海市科委重点项目(11411952401);上海交通大学医工交叉重点项目[多学科交叉项目培育(医工)](YG2013ZD0503); 2013年上海市精神卫生中心特色专科建设项目(2013-YJTSZK-04)
PDF(582 KB)
