目的 通过横断面调查,描述营养素补充剂的使用率和日均使用量。方法 采用多阶段随机整群抽样抽取中国7城市2农村岁3~12岁儿童1 823名,通过6个月内营养素补充剂调查问卷获得其营养素补充剂摄入情况。结果 3~6岁儿童各营养素补充率均高于7~12岁儿童(P均<0.05)。3~12岁儿童最常使用的营养素依次为钙(27.46%),维生素D(16.61%),锌(13.73%),维生素B2 (12.35%),维生素B12(12.30%),维生素B1(12.24%),维生素C(12.18%),维生素A(11.35%),维生素B6(10.47%),叶酸(8.68%),烟酸(7.03%),泛酸(6.70%),维生素E (6.17%),铁(4.87%)。来自于补充剂的日均营养素摄入量分布范围跨度较大,且有部分极值超过可耐受最高量。大多数补充剂摄入量低于推荐量,3~6岁儿童维生素A补充剂摄入量均值和中位数高于推荐量。结论 维生素A补充剂摄入量存在一定程度的超量风险。要更准确地评估儿童的营养状态和潜在的健康风险,应建立营养素补充剂摄入量的推荐标准和安全范围。
Abstract
Objective To estimate the prevalence of dietary supplement use in Chinese children and assess the average daily intake of nutrient from dietary supplement. Methods By multiple stage stratified cluster sampling,1 823 children aged 3~12 years old were chosen and provided with dietary supplement questionnaire finished by their proxies. Result Preschoolers exhibited a higher prevalence of supplemental vitamin and mineral use during the past half year than school-age children.The most used supplements in participants were Calcium(27.46%),Vitamin D(16.61%),Zinc(13.73%),Vitamin B2(12.35%),Vitamin C(12.18%),Vitamin A(11.35%),Vitamin B6(10.47%),Folic acid(8.68%),Niacin(7.03%),Pantothenic acid(6.7%),Vitamin E(6.17%) ,and Iron (4.87%).Daily intake of each kind of nutrients ranged widely,some of which with a maximum amount over upper level of intake (UL).Most of the nutrients' intake from supplement were lower than recommended,while the mean value and the median of Vitamin A intake of children aged 3~6 years old were both over the recommend level. Conclusions There is a risk of excess intake of vitamin A supplements.Supplements intake recommendations should be established in order to assess children's nutritional status and potential health risks appropriately.
关键词
营养素补充剂 /
营养素摄入 /
儿童
Key words
dietary supplements /
nutrient intake /
children
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