目的 了解海南省5岁以下儿童不同年龄段死亡情况, 制订合理的干预措施, 为降低儿童的死亡率提供依据。方法 对海南省2009-2013年5年间的5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果进行分析。结果 死亡地点在家中占49.04%, 死前未治疗的占4.97%, 农村5岁以下儿童死前未治疗率明显高于城市儿童未治疗率, 死前未治疗主要原因为来不及送医院(53.23%), 其次为经济困难(24.19%)。结论 政府部门可通过增强孕期保健服务和加强农村医疗服务能力建设等措施降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。

Objective To understand the mortality of different age in children under 5 years old in Hainan province, make reasonable intervention measures and provide the basis for reducing child mortality. Method The data of all deaths of children under 5 years old in Hainan province from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed. Results The proportion of children died at home was 49.04%.The proportion of children without treatment before death was 4.97%.Rural children under 5 years old without treatment before death was significantly higher than the urban children, "too late to the hospital" accounted for the highest proportion (52.53%) among untreated causes, followed by "economic difficulties" (24.19%). Conclusion Government departments can reduce the mortality rate of the children under 5 years old in rural care service through strengthening pregnancy care service and the construction of rural medical service capacity.