目的 了解山东省某农村地区儿童行为问题的发生情况, 并探讨其影响因素, 为儿童行为问题的干预提供参考依据。方法 采用方便样本, 用长处与困难量表对山东省某农村地区909名5~13岁小学生家长进行不记名问卷调查, 了解小学生行为问题。结果 困难总分、情绪症状、品行问题、多动注意不能、同伴关系问题和社会行为异常检出率分别为12.0%、10.7%、10.6%、13.6%、46.5%、16.0%。多元线性回归结果显示情感虐待、儿童学习成绩差、过度反应和敌意的亲职教育方式与困难总分呈正相关, 积极亲子互动与困难总分呈负相关;积极亲子互动与良好社会行为得分呈正相关, 家长支持体罚态度得分与良好社会行为得分呈负相关。结论 儿童行为问题的发生率较高, 应当加强改善父母的教育方式, 降低儿童虐待事件的发生, 将学习成绩差的学生纳为重点干预对象。
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the incidence of child behavioral problems in primary School in the rural area of Shandong province, to explore the influencing factors, and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention measures. Methods Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were used to investigate parents who were recruited by accidental sampling method.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was mainly used to investigate child's behavioral problem. Results The prevalence of difficulty problems was 12.0% and the incidence of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, pro-social was 10.7%, 10.6%, 13.6%, 46.5%, 16.0%, respectively.The Results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the experiences of mental maltreatment of the child, the over-reactivity and hostility of parenting skills, and poor academic achievement were positively and parent-to-child interaction action was negatively with difficulty scores;Parent-to-child interaction action was protectively and parents who supported physical punishment was negatively with the scores of prosocial behavior. Conclusions The rural area have higher incidence of child behavioral problems, parents' parenting skills should be improved and the occurrence of child maltreatment should be reduced.More attention should be paid to the students who had poor academic achievement be reduce.
关键词
行为问题 /
长处与困难量表 /
影响因素 /
农村
Key words
behavioral problems /
the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire /
influencing factors /
rural area
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Barkmann C, Schulte-Markwort M.Emotional and behavioral problems of children and adolescents in Germany-an epidemiological screening[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 2005, 40(5):357-366.
[2] Hesketh T, Zheng Y, Jun Y X, et al.Behaviour problems in Chinese primary school children[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 2011, 46(8):733-741.
[3] 曾嵘, 张伶俐, 罗家有, 等.中国7省市农村地区4～7岁留守儿童情绪与行为问题及其影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2009, 30(7):706-709.
[4] 肖晚晴, 陈晶琦.560名幼儿家长对子女躯体暴力调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2011, 19(3):230-232.
[5] Ngai FW, Wai-Chi CS, Holroyd E.Translation and validation of a chinese version of the parenting sense of competence scale in chinese mothers[J].Nurs Res, 2007, 56(5):348-354.
[6] 黄广文, 吴虹, 杜其云, 等.湖南省农村3～7岁留守儿童长处和困难问卷调查分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2010, 18(1):26-29.
[7] 王硕, 赫英英, 田甜, 等.山东省农村3～6岁儿童情绪和行为问题调查分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2014, 22(6):583-585.
[8] Du YS, Kou J, Coghill D.The validity, reliability and normative scores of the parent, teacher and self report versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in China[J].Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health, 2008, 2(1):8-23.
[9] Allen B.An analysis of the impact of diverse forms of childhood psychological maltreatment on emotional adjustment in early adulthood[J].Child Maltreat, 2008, 13(3):307-312.
[10] 王秀珍, 郑直, 唐玉和, 等.10～11岁儿童行为问题与个性、父母养育方式的相关性研究[J].中国行为医学科学, 2006, 15(12):1114-1116.
[11] 余晓敏.小学生行为问题及影响因素研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学, 2010.
[12] Stone LL, Otten R, Engels RC, et al.Psychometric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire for 4- to 12-year-olds:a review[J].Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev, 2010, 13(3):254-274.
PDF(518 KB)
