目的 调查东莞市6~13岁不同户籍学龄儿童先天性心脏病的患病率及诊疗状况,为东莞市学龄儿童先心病防治策略的制定提供依据。方法 采用心脏听诊结合现场心脏彩超检查的方法,对东莞市2011年11月-2012年11月期间所有在读小学生进行先天性心脏病筛检和问卷调查及诊疗状况分析。结果 共筛检540 574名小学生,其中本地户籍儿童214 634名(39.7%),外地户籍儿童325 940名(60.3%)。先天性心脏病总患病率为2.14‰,本地户籍和外地户籍儿童患病率分别为1.97‰和2.26‰,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。筛检前已治率在本地和外地户籍儿童分别为63.51%和47.21%(P<0.05)。 在542例需要进一步治疗的患儿中,本地和外地户籍患儿各为154和388例,分别占各自总患者数的36.49%和52.79%(P<0.05)。结论 东莞市本地户籍与外地户籍学龄儿童先天性心脏病患病率无明显差异,与国内外报道的相同。年龄横断面先天性心脏病患病率亦无明显差异。但外地户籍患儿的治疗率明显低于本地户籍患儿,提示对大量外来人口子女先心病的诊疗有待进一步加强,以免延误治疗时机。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and treated status of congenital heart disease in school children aged 6~13 in Dongguan city. Method Congenital heart disease screening was carried out by cardiac auscultation and ultrasound company with questionnaire survey in all school children in Dongguan city between November 2011 and November 2012,and treated status were analyzed in children with congenital heart disease. Results A total of 540 574 children were screened,214 634 (39.7%) were residence and 325 940 (60.3%) were non-residence among them.The total prevalence of congenital heart disease was 2.14‰,there was no significant difference (P>0.05) of the prevalence between residence (1.97‰) and non-residence (2.26‰).The rates of treated in residence and non-residence was 63.51% and 47.21% respectively (P<0.05).Among the 542 children who need immediate further therapy,154 were residence and 388 were non-residence,the rates of untreated was 36.49% and 52.79% in residence and non-residence separately. Conclusions The prevalence of congenital heart disease in school children in Dongguan have no significant difference compare to other districts.The rate of treated in non-residence children is much lower than that in residence children,this indicated that screening and treatment for congenital heart disease on non-residence children in Dongguan should be pay more attention to avoid therapeutic delay.