目的 探讨早产儿出院后配方奶对早产/低出生体重儿生长发育的影响。方法 将59 例早产/低出生体重儿根据出院后喂养方式分为母乳+早产儿配方奶混合喂养组(Ⅰ组)和早产儿出院后配方奶喂养组(Ⅱ组),监测入组后6个月内体重、身长、头围、Kaup指数及部分理化指标,并作组间比较,藉此评价早产儿出院后配方奶对出院后的早产/低出生体重儿生长发育影响的临床意义。结果 入组时两组在性别比例、孕周和出生体重上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。体重、Kaup指数,在喂养后2月内差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),从3个月始Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组增长快(P<0.05);身长从第4个月,头围从第5个月起,Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组增长快(P<0.05);血色素从第5个月以后,Ⅱ组高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。观测过程中两组的Ca、P、AKP差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 早产儿出院后配方奶是早产儿出院后喂养品的良好选择,有益于低体重早产儿实现追赶性生长。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of post-discharge formula (PDF) to preterm and low-birth-weight infants. Methods A total of 59 preterm and low-birth-weight infants discharged from The NICU of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were chosen for this study.According to feeding pattern,they were assigned to two groups:breast milk (BM)+PFT-fed(group Ⅰ,n=29),PDF-fed(group Ⅱ,n=30).Their body weight,length and head circumference and so on were measured for 6 months after hospital.These indices were calculated and compared respectively on every month after feeding. Results There were no significant differences on gender,gestational age and birth weight between groupⅠ and groupⅡ (P>0.05).There were no difference on body weight and Kaup index until the end of 3rd month (P<0.05),and the growth of the groupⅡwas faster than that of groupⅠ.There was no difference on length until the end of 4rd month (P<0.05),and the growth of groupⅡwas faster than that of groupⅠ.Group Ⅱhad a greater head circumference than groupⅠafter the fifth month (P<0.05).And at the fifth and sixth month,the Hemoglobin value also showed diference between two groups (P<0.05).There were no differences on Ca,P,alkline phosphatase (AKP) after feeding. Conclusions Compared with those fed with BM+PTF after hospital,feeding with PDF can help to achieve catch-up growth.Feeding with PDF may be better than those fed with BM+PTF.
关键词
早产儿 /
母乳 /
早产儿出院后配方奶 /
低出生体重
Key words
preterm infant /
breast milk /
post-discharge formula /
low birth weight
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 《中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会,中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组,中华医学会儿科学分会儿童保健学组.早产/低出生体重儿喂养建议[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(7):508-510.
[2] 全国早产儿营养调查协作组.新生儿重症监护病房中早产儿营养相关状况多中心调查974例报告[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(1):1-6.
[3] 单红梅,蔡威,孙建华,等.早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓及相关因素分析[J].中华儿科杂志,2007,45(1):183-188.
[4] 谭小华,崔其亮,吴繁,等.广州和佛山地区早产低出生体重儿出院时宫外生长迟缓发生情况调查[J].中国新生儿科杂志,2012(02):73-77.
[5] 丁宗一.高度重视早产儿、低体重儿出院后喂养[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(7):484-486.
[6] 李晓莺,刘燕,刘建红,等.早产儿宫外发育迟缓的危险因素分析[J].山东医药.2012,52(19):73-74.
[7] Embleton N,Pang N,Cooke RJ.Postnatal malnutrition and growth retardation:an inevitable problem in preterm infants?[J].Pediatrics,2001,107:270-273.
[8] 王丹华.科学的营养管理是早产儿健康的基础[J].临床儿科杂志,2009,27(3):214-216.
[9] 徐丽,梁丽梅,许晶,等.早期干预对早产儿神经、行为发育效果的比较研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2009,24(13):1809-1810.
[10] Simmer K.Neonatology for the generalist:choice of formula and human milk supplement for preterm infants in Australia[J].J Pediatr Child Health,2000,36:593-595.
[11] Lucas A,Brooke OG,Baker BA,et al.High alkaline phosphatase activity and growth in preterm neonates[J].Arch Dis Child,1989,64:902-909.
[12] 姚荣英,庄颖.早产儿的骨发育问题及其影响因素[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2007,15(1):62-63.
[13] Ahmad I,Nemet D,Eliakim A,et al.Body composition and its components in preterm and term newborns:a cross-sectional.multimodal investigation[J].Am J Hum Biol,2010,22(4):69-75.
[14] Cooke RJ,Emblton ND,Griffin IJ,et al.Feeding preterm infants after hospital discharge:growth and develop-meritat I8 months of age[J].Pediatr Res,2001,49:719722.
[15] Carlson S.Feeding after discharge:growth,development and long-term effects[M].Tsang RC.Nutrition of the Preterm Infant.Cincinnati,Ohio:Digital Educational Publishing,2005:357-381.
[16] Keinman RE.Pediatric nutrition handbook[M].American Academy of Pediatr,2009:23-46.
PDF(432 KB)
