目的 了解6月龄~4岁儿童睡眠问题的发生现状,分析家庭养育方式对儿童睡眠状况的影响,为儿童睡眠障碍的早期干预提供一些参考依据。方法 采用参考国际睡眠障碍分类和国内同行标准自行设计的调查问卷,于2010年5-8月调查北京市海淀区1所幼儿园和1家儿童早期发育门诊236名6月龄~4岁儿童。结果 在被调查的236名儿童中,儿童睡眠问题的发生比例为57.6%,睡眠不安、节律紊乱以及异态睡眠的比例分别为47.7%、4.6%和22.3%。不同年龄儿童的睡眠问题发生比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经过非条件Logistic回归分析发现白天主要看护人为儿童母亲、儿童睡觉前需要睡眠安慰的儿童发生睡眠问题的风险增加(OR值分别为2.838和2.648)。结论 学龄前儿童睡眠问题发生比例较高,一些家庭养育方式可能与儿童睡眠问题的发生有关。

Objective To investigate the situation of sleep problems among younger children,and to analyze the influencing factors in parental rearing pattern,and to provide a basis for the early intervention of children's sleep problems. Methods From May to August in 2010,children between 6 months and 4 years old from a kindergarten and a clinic on the development in early childhood in Haidian district were investigated with self-designed questionnaire on children's sleep problems according to the ICSD. Results The prevalence of sleep problems was 57.6% among 236 surveyed children.The proportion of restless sleep,disorder of sleep rhythm and abnormal sleep were 47.7%,4.6% and 22.3% respectively.The difference of the prevalence of sleep problems among different-aged groups was significant (P<0.05).According to the non-conditional logistic regression analysis,increased risk of sleep problems was found in the group of the main care during the day being mother (OR=2.838) and children needing sleep comfort (OR=2.648). Conclusion The prevalence of sleep problems among younger children is quite high,and the problems may be associated with parental rearing pattern.