目的 探索由沙盘治疗、感统训练和父母培训相结合的综合心理治疗对儿童多动症的疗效。方法 在唐山市三家医院选取69名符合DSM-Ⅳ中儿童多动症标准的儿童,随机分为两组,实验组34人,对照组35人。实验组进行综合心理治疗,包括沙盘游戏治疗1次/周,共20次;感觉统合训练3次/周,共60次,3个疗程;对其家长进行培训1次/2周,共8次。对照组不干预。干预前后使用Conners父母用症状问卷(Parent Symptom Questionnaire,PSQ)和简式育儿压力量表(Parenting Stress Index-Short Form,PSI-SF)进行疗效评定。结果 综合性心理治疗后实验组PSQ量表除心身问题外,其余各因子较干预前差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),父母育儿压力各因子较干预前显著,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组在两个量表上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 由沙盘治疗、感统训练和父母培训相结合的综合心理治疗模式可以有效改善ADHD患儿的多种症状,有效缓解其父母的育儿压力。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive psychological treatment consists of sand play therapy,sensory integrative training and parents training on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. Methods Information were collected from three hospitals in Tangshan,then 69 DSM-Ⅳ ADHD children were selected and divided into two groups randomly,experimental group had 34 children,and control group had 35 children.Experimental group were given 20 weeks sand play therapy once a week,60 times (three procedures) sensory integration training three times a week; their parents were given total 8 times training,once every two weeks.Control group were still in normal life without any intervention.Their parents were measured by Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) before and after the treatment. Result After comprehensive psychotherapy,the each factor of the PSQ scale of experimental group were lower than their scale before the treatment in addition to the psychosomatic problems (P<0.05),their parents' each factor of PSI-SF were lower than before(P<0.05),while the control group had no significant differences in the two scales (P>0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive psychological treatment consists of sand play therapy,sensory integrative training and parents training can effectively improve a variety of symptoms of ADHD children,relieve their parents' parenting stress effectively.