目的 分析男性犯罪青少年人格与家庭环境、父母教养方式的关系,为青少年犯罪的预防和教育改造工作提供依据。方法 采用艾森克人格问卷、家庭环境量表、父母教养方式量表对218名男性犯罪青少年和211名普通中学生进行了调查。结果 犯罪青少年的神经质、精神质得分显著高于中学生(P<0.001),犯罪青少年外倾性、神经质、精神质各维度与家庭环境、父母教养方式各维度存在多项相关关系(r=-0.136~-0.417,0.149~0.374),家庭娱乐性对外倾性有正向预测作用,母亲情感温暖理解、亲密度对神经质有负向预测作用,矛盾性、父亲惩罚严厉、拒绝否认对神经质有正向预测作用,母亲过分干涉和过度保护、矛盾性、母亲偏爱被试、父亲拒绝否认对精神质有正向预测作用(P均<0.05或<0.01)。结论 犯罪青少年具有高神经质、高精神质人格特征,其家庭环境、父母教养方式对人格具有特定的影响。

Objective To explore male juvenile delinquents' personality traits and the relationship with personality and family environment,parenting style,and to provide evidence for juvenile delinquences prevention,education and reform. Methods A total of 218 male juvenile delinquents and 211 middle school boy students were surveyed with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Family Environment Scale and Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppforstran scale. Results The levels of N and P in EPQ of juvenile delinquents were higher than those of middle school boy students with statistical differences (P<0.001).The levels of E,P and N of delinquents' were correlated with their family environment and parenting style in several dimensions(r=-0.136～-0.417,0.149~0.374).Family active recreation predicted E positively.Mother's emotional warmth and family cohesion predicted N negatively,and family conflict,father's severe punishment,father's rejection predicted N positively.Mother's over protection and interference,family conflict,mother's favoring subjects,father's rejection predicted P positively(P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion Juvenile delinquents are highly neurotic and psychotic in personality,and the family environment,parenting style have specific influence on their personality.