目的 评估经过干预后儿童不良饮食行为的改善效果,同时了解不良饮食行为儿童的生长发育情况。方法 收集157例1～4岁具有饮食行为问题的儿童,测量身高、体重,测定末梢血血红蛋白浓度,对喂养人进行一对一喂养指导,同时发放宣教材料,对其进行6个月饮食行为干预,干预前后对同一喂养人进行饮食行为问卷调查,评估干预效果。结果 不良饮食行为儿童中低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦儿童比例分别为2.55%、12.10%、4.46%;经过干预后,饮食行为总分增加3.46%(P<0.01);吃饭时间、进餐与孩子有语言和情感交流、要求孩子吃完盘里食物、孩子不高兴时给予食物、随意进食零食、进餐闲逛、吃饭时做其他事情、吃饭地点不固定到处走动、用小道具哄吃饭评分分别上升3.88%、5.63%、11.99%、6.32%、5.20%、8.26%、11.05%、9.36%、14.69%(P<0.01),吃得少、吃得慢、害怕进食评分分别增加6.18%、4.02%、4.28%(P<0.05)。结论 针对性的综合干预措施可有效改进家长的喂养观念及方法,从而促进儿童良好饮食行为的形成。

Objective To evaluate the improvement effect of children who have eating behavior problems after intervention,and to investigate the growth and development of children with eating behavior problems in the same time. Methods Children aged 1～4 years old with eating behavior problems were selected,height,weight and hemoglobin of children were measured.Their caregivers were directed one-to-one by nutrition doctors,and scientific booklets were handed out,the period of intervention was 6 months.The same caregivers were asked to complete the questionnaire about the eating behavior of children before and after intervention,and the effects of intervention were evaluated. Results The ratio of low weight,growth retardation and athrepsy in children with eating behavior problems were 2.55%,12.10%,4.46% respectively;After intervention,the total score was increased 3.46%(P<0.01),the time of eating,language and emotion communication with children at mealtime,children asked to eat up foods,feeding foods when children joylessness,feeding snacks in any time,gallivant at mealtime,doing other things at mealtime,meal place variable,cheating eating with toys were respectively increased 3.88%,5.63%,11.99%,6.32%,5.20%,8.26%,11.05%,9.36%,14.69%(P<0.01),and the eating few,eating slowly,scared eating were respectively increased 6.18%,4.02%,4.28%(P<0.05). Conclusion The feeding concepts and methods of caregivers are improved effectively by synthesis intervention,thus promoting the well eating behaviors were formed.