目的 调查东莞市横沥镇儿童少年肥胖与高血压流行情况及危险因素,为该地区开展慢病预防提供科学依据。方法 采用整群抽样的方法,对东莞市横沥镇3～17岁的10 820名儿童少年进行调查,完成问卷调查和身高、体重、腰围、血压测量的9 651名。结果 超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖检出率各为12.0%、4.1%、6.8%。男女生超重(8.9% vs 16.2%)、肥胖(5.0% vs 3.1%)、中心性肥胖(7.2% vs 6.2%)检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。高血压检出率为4.4%;男女生高血压检出率均随年龄增长而升高;男生较女生低(3.8% vs 5.1%,P=0.002)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:巨大儿、父母肥胖是3～6岁年龄段肥胖的危险因素;男生、7～12岁、巨大儿、父母肥胖、进食快、睡眠时间不足或过长是7～17岁年龄段肥胖的危险因素。超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖是3～6岁年龄段高血压的危险因素;女生、13～17岁、低出生体重、父母有高血压、超重、肥胖是7～17岁年龄段高血压的危险因素。结论 东莞市横沥镇3～17岁儿童少年超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖检出率较发达大城市低,高血压检出率处于中等水平。3～6岁与7～17岁儿童少年肥胖及高血压的危险因素有所区别。

Objective To investigate the current prevalence and risk factors of obesity and hypertension among children and adolescents in Hengli town,Dongguan city. Methods Using cluster sampling,9 651 children and adolescents aged 3～17 years old in Hengli town,Dongguan city were required to finish a questionnaire survey.Anthropometric measurements including height,weight,waist circumference and blood pressure were performed. Results The detection rates of overweight,obesity and central obesity,which were 12.0%,4.1% and 6.8% respectively,were 8.9% vs 16.2%,5.0% vs 3.1% and 7.2% vs 6.2% respectively when compared between males and females.The difference of sexes was statistically significant (P＜0.001).The detection rate of hypertension was 4.4%,which increased with age and was lower in males than in females (3.8% vs 5.1%,P=0.002).Multifactor Logistic regression analysis revealed:previous macrosomia and obese parents were the risk factors of obesity for children aged 3～6 years old,for whom overweight,obesity and central obesity were the risk factors of hypertension.Male,7～12 yearold,previous macrosomia,obese parents,rapidly feeding and inadequate or over sleeping time were the risk factors of obesity for children aged 7～17 years old,for whom female,13～17 yearold,low birth weight,parents with hypertension,overweight and obesity were the risk factors of hypertension. Conclusions The detection rates of overweight,obesity and central obesity in children and adolescents aged 3～17 years old in Hengli town,Dongguan city are lower than those in developed metropolitan city.The detection rates of hypertension are in the range of intermediate level.The risk factors of obesity and hypertension between 3～6 yearold children and 7～17 year old children and adolescents are different in some aspects.