目的 针对流动家庭婴儿进行早期的预防性干预,通过改善母亲看护行为,提高流动家庭婴儿的依恋安全性。方法 将20对流动家庭母婴对随机分为实验组与控制组。对实验组进行6次家庭访问式的入户干预,控制组不做任何处理,干预前后分别通过陌生情境实验程序和依恋Q分类评估两组婴儿的依恋安全性,同时,采用家庭观察评估两组母亲的看护行为。通过比较干预前后两组婴儿依恋安全性和母亲看护行为。结果 1)干预前,实验组与控制组母亲的看护行为不存在差异;干预后,实验组母亲看护行为得分显著高于控制组(P>0.05);干预前后,控制组母亲看护行为并不存在显著差异(P<0.05);实验组母亲看护行为后测得分要显著高于前测得分。2)干预前,两组婴儿依恋分类不存在差异;干预后,实验组婴儿依恋安全性得分比控制组要高;依恋安全性Q分类中,除与其他成人的互动分量表,与母亲进行良好地互动,接近母亲和与母亲身体接触分量表上,实验组婴儿的得分均显著高于控制组。结论 该干预方案能够有效改善流动家庭母亲的看护行为及其婴儿的依恋安全性。
Abstract
Objective To conducte the intervention to enhance the attachment security of the migrant infants by improving maternal caring behaviors. Methods 20 migrant mother-infant dyads participated in the study.Within a random assignment design,experimental group was compared to no-treatment control group.Before the intervention,both groups participated in the strange situation procedure and home observations.The experimental group experienced a 6-week intervention,one time per week but the control group did not.After the intervention,both groups participated in home observations which were used to assess mother caring behaviors and children's attachment security. Results 1) No difference existed in mother caring behaviors between the two groups in the pre-test.However,compared with the control group,the experimental group improved mother caring behaviors in the post-test.There was no difference in mother caring behaviors of the control group between the pre-and post-test.The post-test score of the experimental group in mother caring behaviors was higher than the score in the pre-test.2)There was no difference in migrant infant security classification between the two groups in the pre-test; however,compared with the control group,the experimental group enhanced attachment security in the post-test.The differences of the scores were significant in the following scales:smooth interactions with mother,proximity to mother,physical contact with mother between the control group and the experimental group in the post-test.There was no significant difference in the score of the scale of interactions with other adults between the two groups in the post-test. Conclusion The current intervention has effects on improving migrant mother's caring behaviors and enhancing migrant children's attachment security.
关键词
流动家庭 /
母婴对 /
看护行为 /
依恋安全性 /
早期干预
Key words
migrant family infants /
mother-infant dyads /
caring behaviors /
attachment security /
early intervention
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基金
北京市哲学社会科学规划项目(11JYB009)
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