目的 了解西宁、西安两地回族婴儿母乳喂养状况, 为制定针对性的改善措施提供依据。方法 随机整群抽取西宁回族168例、汉族119例及西安回族114例、汉族101例6～24月健康婴幼儿及其主要喂养人作为研究对象, 调查其母乳喂养状况。结果 1)西宁4月内纯母乳喂养率(58.54%)高于西安(43.72%)(P＜0.05), 而6月内纯母乳喂养率(19.51%)低于西安(32.09%)(P＜0.05);2)西宁回族4月内纯母乳喂养率(58.33%)高于西安回族(39.47%)(P＜0.05);3)不能进行母乳喂养的主要原因为母亲自认母乳量分泌不足(76.25%);4)西宁辅食添加时间(4.48±1.60)月早于西安地区(5.67±1.59)月(P＜0.05);5)母乳喂养率与主要喂养人的文化程度呈正相关(P＜0.05)。结论 加强对喂养人科学喂养知识的宣传是提高西部地区婴儿母乳喂养率的关键。

Objective To understand the breast feeding situation of Hui nationality infants in Xining and Xi'an. Methods There were 287 infants (Hui 168 and Han 119, aged 6~24 months) from Xining, 215 infants (Hui 114 and Han 101, aged 6~24 months) from Xi'an in this study, and people who feed the babies at the breast were included for analysis as well. Results 1)The rate of pure breast feeding in 4 months (58.54%) in Xining was higher than that (43.72%) in Xi'an (P<0.05), however, the rate of pure breast feeding in 6 months (19.51%) in Xining was lower than that (32.09%) in Xi'an (P<0.05);2)The rate of pure breast feeding of Hui nationality infants in 4 months (58.33%) in Xining was higher than that (39.47%) in Xi'an (P<0.05);3)The main reason for no pure breast feeding was milk secretion insufficiency (76.25%);4)The time of adding food supplement in Xining was (4.48±1.60) months, which was earlier than (5.67±1.59) months in Xi'an (P<0.05);5)A positive correlation was revealed between the rate of pure breast feeding and the culture level of people who feed the infants (P<0.05). Conclusions Strengthening the propaganda in the scientific feeding knowledge for people who feed the infants, is the key to improve the rate of breast feeding in western area.