目的 了解新疆7～18岁维吾尔族儿童青少年身体素质状况及城乡差异, 为提高学生身体素质制定科学的教学方法与锻炼计划提供科学依据。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样调查方法, 于2012年对新疆地区中小学7～18岁4 959名维吾尔族儿童青少年的身体素质指标进行测试及统计分析。结果 2012年新疆7～18岁维吾尔族儿童青少年身体素质总体均随年龄增长而增长的趋势, 城乡发展不平衡;速度素质城市男生好于乡村男生, 平均差异有0.01 s, 城市女生差于乡村女生, 平均差异有0.33 s;耐力素质城市男女生差于乡村男女生, 平均差异分别有2.15 s和6.08 s;爆发力素质城市男生差于乡村男生, 平均差异0.26 cm, 城市女生好于乡村女生, 平均差异0.19 cm;柔韧性素质城市男女生差于乡村男女生, 平均差异分别0.51 cm和1.01 cm;力量素质城市男生差于乡村男生, 平均差异0.49次, 城市女生好于乡村女生, 平均差异0.54次, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01 )。结论 加强对学生自觉锻炼意识的培养, 全面提高学生身体素质, 是现代学校体育教育急需解决的首要问题。

Objective To understand the physical fitness status and the differences between urban and rural of Uygur children and adolescents at 7～18 years old, and to develop scientific Methods of teaching and provide a scientific basis for training programs. Method Stratified random cluster sample survey method, was used to carry out the statistical analysis and comparison testing physical fitness indicators of the Xinjiang 7～18 years old 4 959 Uygur children and adolescents in 2012. Results The overall physical fitness of Xinjiang Uygur children and adolescents aged 7～18 had growth trend with increasing age in 2012, but unbalanced urban and rural development.Speed quality of urban boys was better than rural boys, the average difference was 0.01 s, rural girls were better than urban girls, the average difference was 0.33 s.Endurance of urban boys and girls were poor than rural boys and girls, the average difference were 2.15 s and 6.08 s.Explosive qualities of urban boys were poor than rural boys, the average difference was 0.26 cm, urban girls were better than rural girls, the average difference was 0.19 cm.Flexibility quality of urban boys and girls were poor than rural boys and girls, the average difference were 0.51 cm and 1.01 cm.Power quality of urban boys were poor than rural boys, the average difference was 0.49 times, urban girls were better than rural girls, the average difference was 0.54 times;Some differences between urban and rural area were existed, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion Exercises to strengthen the students' conscious awareness training, comprehensively improving the physical fitness of students, is the primary problem needed to solve for a modern school physical education.