目的 分析2011-2012年海南省手足口病流行特征, 探讨流行规律, 为其防控提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对中国疾病监测信息系统中报告的手足口病监测资料和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2011年海南省报告手足口病病例50 716例, 发病率584.86/10⁵, 重症病例976例, 死亡病例33例。2012年报告手足口病病例47 715例, 发病率为543.83/10⁵, 重症病例512例, 死亡病例8例。发病呈现4~7月(3~5月)和9~11月两个高峰, 病例以5岁以下婴幼儿为主, 1~2岁组发病率最高, 为13 766.25/10⁵。男女性别比例1.79∶1, 病例以散居儿童为主, 主要集中在北部和东部地区。重症病例和死亡病例EV71阳性比例高于普通病例。EV71肠道病毒构成的比例与重症病例比例呈正相关(Sperman秩相关相关系数r=0.601, P=0.000)。结论 海南省为手足口病的高流行区, 开展病原学监测、加强重点人群和重点场所的综合防控措施是防控工作的主要策略。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) in Hainan province, and to provide the scientific basis for its prevention and control. Method The data of HFMD were collected from Chinese Disease Surveillance System and etiology detection results of HFMD were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 50 716 HFMD cases, including 976 severe cases and 33 fatal cases, were reported in Hainan in 2011.The reported incidence was 584.86/10⁵ in 2011.A total of 47 715 HFMD cases, including 512 severe cases and 8 fatal cases, were reported in Hainan in 2012.The reported incidence was 543.83/10⁵ in 2012.There were two peaks of the incidence, from April to July (March to May) and from September to November.Most of cases were children aged<5.There was the highest incidence rate in the age group of 1~2 years(13 766.25/10⁵).The gender ratio was 1.79∶1.Most of cases lived sporadically.The proportion of EV71 strains in severe cases and fatal cases was higher than mild cases.The ratio of severe HFMD cases was increased with the proportion of EV71 strains(r=0.601, P=0.000). Conclusion Hainan province is the high prevalence area.Carrying on etiology surveillance, strengthening the prevention and control measure on the main groups and the key site are the main strategies for management of the disease.