目的 了解山东省农村学龄前留守儿童的健康状况及相关行为, 为改善留守儿童的健康状况提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法, 在山东省内随机抽取2个县(高唐、长青)8个乡(镇)幼儿园的0~7岁的735例儿童作为调查对象, 并利用自制调查问卷进行调查。结果 在36.6%的留守儿童中, 不同看护类型的儿童健康状况差异有统计学意义;且无论是留守儿童还是非留守儿童都能在生病时到医院看病或请医生上门治疗(P<0.05)。结论 父亲看护的留守儿童两周患病率是最高的, 建议加强对留守儿童的关注, 改善他们的卫生及就医行为。

Objective To study preschool left-behind children's health status and relative behaviors, and provide scientific reference for improving their health. Methods The method of stratified-cluster-random sampling was used in this study.A total of 735 left-behind children aged 0~7 years old were sampled from 2 counties and 6 nursery schools of Shandong, and surveyed with self-made questionnaire. Results There was significant difference in different types of nursing of left-behind children who account for 36.6% in all respondents.Left-behind children or non left-behind both had higher medical behaviors. Conclusion Two-week prevalence of taking-care-by-father children is the highest, and strengthening the attention is advised on left-behind children to improve their health status and medical behaviors.