目的 了解山东省农村学龄前儿童生活安全意识现状及相关影响因素, 为政府制定相关政策及开展安全教育提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法共抽取山东省2个县735例学龄前儿童, 并利用自制调查问卷进行调查。结果 多因素分析显示, 父母文化程度、父亲职业类型是儿童知道不跟陌生人走的影响因素;监护类型、父亲职业类型是儿童知道远离农药的影响因素;性别、是否独生子女是儿童知道生吃蔬菜水果必须要洗净的影响因素。结论 应注重农村学龄前儿童和儿童父母的安全教育, 从而提高儿童的安全意识。

Objective To understand the status of preschool children's safety awareness of life and the influencing factors in rural area of Shandong, and provide evidence for the government to formulate relevant policies and develop safety education. Methods The method of stratified-cluster-random sampling was adopted in this study.735 cases of preschool children were selected from 2 counties of Shandong, and surveyed with self-made questionnaire. Results Multiple factor analysis showed the influencing factors of the children knew not go with strangers including cultural degree of parents and father's occupation type.The influencing factors of the children knew far away from pesticides including guardianship type and father's occupation type.The influencing factors of the children knew raw fruits and vegetables must be washed including gender and whether the only child. Conclusion Safety education of the rural preschool children and parents should be paid attention to, so as to improve the safety awareness of children.