Objective To analyze the characteristics of sensory processing and self-regulation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their influence on hyperactivity. Methods From October 2022 to June 2023,ASD children in the Department of Child Healthcare of Xi'an People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, healthy children matched by age were selected as controls. Then ASD children were divided into ASD group and ASD comorbid with hyperactivity according to the hyperactivity index of Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire. The Sensory Processing and Self Regulation Checklist (SPSRC) was completed by parents. Using Z-score of the SPSRC scale, six sections of sensory processing (auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, vestibular balance, and proprioception) and three sections of self-regulation (physiological condition, emotional regulation, and adaptability) were divided into abnormal (Z<-1) and normal groups. The data were statistically analyzed using χ2 test, one-way ANOVA, and binary Logistic regression. Results Totally 35 children were included in the ASD group, 33 children were included in the ASD comorbid with hyperactivity group, and 35 children were included in the healthy group. The proportion of abnormal sensory and self-regulation in all sections was highest in the ASD comorbid with hyperactivity group, followed by ASD group, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal proprioception and emotional regulation were risk factors for hyperactivity in ASD children (OR=5.31, 7.31, P<0.05). Conclusions ASD children have abnormal sensory processing and self-regulation, and the abnormalities are more significant in ASD children comorbid with hyperactivity. Moreover, abnormal proprioception and emotional regulation are risk factors for hyperactivity in ASD children.
Key words
autism spectrum disorder /
hyperactivity /
sensory processing /
self-regulation
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