Study on the current status and influencing factors for nutrition of middle school students in Yongning County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-0870

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To know about the nutritional status and its influencing factors in middle school students from Yongning County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,in order to provide theoretical basis for scientific intervention on improving nutrition status. Methods A total of 1 091 middle school students were selected to take physical examination and fill out questionnaires. Body mass index (BMI) was used to evaluate nutritional status and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors of nutritional status. Results The detection rates of malnutrition,normal nutrition,overweight and obesity among the 1 091 middle school students were 13.75%,77.18% and 9.07%,respectively. The detection rates of malnutrition and overweight and obesity in boys (16.67%,14.23%) were significantly higher than girls (11.35%,4.84%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in only children (13.70%) was significantly higher than that in children with siblings (7.55%). The protective factors for malnutrition of middle school students included female (OR=0.611,95%CI:0.422-0.883),maternal occupation of individual business(OR=0.242,95%CI:0.093-0.626) and non-picky eaters(OR=0.602,95%CI:0.420-0.862). No family history of obesity (OR=2.513,95%CI:1.059-5.959) was a risk factor for malnutrition in the area. Meanwhile,the protective factors for overweight and obesity of middle school students included female (OR=0.263,95%CI:0.159-0.433),non-only children (OR=0.432,95%CI:0.257-0.727),and no family history of obesity (OR=0.138,95%CI:0.079-0.241). Sleep time more than 10 hours (OR=13.154,95%CI:1.468-117.850) was a risk factor for overweight and obesity in this area. Conclusions Malnutrition and obesity exist in middle school students in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. And the nutritional problems in boys and only children are more prevalent. Thus society,schools and families should adopt targeted interventions to reverse the unfavorable situation of the nutritional status

Key words: middle school students, only child, nutrition status, influencing factors

摘要： 目的了解宁夏回族自治区永宁县中学生营养状况及其影响因素,为改善当地中学生营养状况并制定科学有效的营养干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取永宁县3所中学,共1 091名中学生进行体格测量和问卷调查。使用体重指数(BMI)评价营养状况,并对可能影响营养状况的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 1 091名中学生营养不良、正常、超重肥胖检出率分别是13.75%、77.18%、9.07%。男生营养不良和超重肥胖率(16.67%、14.23%)均明显高于女生(11.35%、4.84%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。独生子女超重肥胖率(13.70%)明显高于非独生子女(7.55%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic 回归显示,女生(OR=0.611,95%CI:0.422~0.883)、母亲职业为个体工商户(OR=0.242,95%CI:0.093~0.626),不挑食(OR=0.602,95%CI:0.420~0.862)是营养不良的保护因素,而无家族肥胖史(OR=2.513,95%CI:1.059~5.959)则是该地营养不良的危险因素。另外,女生(OR=0.263,95%CI:0.159~0.433)、非独生子女(OR=0.432,95%CI:0.257~0.727)、无家族肥胖史(OR=0.138,95%CI:0.079~0.241)是超重肥胖的保护因素,而睡眠时间超过10 h(OR=13.154,95%CI:1.468~117.850)则是该地超重肥胖的危险因素。结论宁夏回族自治区永宁县中学生营养不良与超重肥胖现象并存,男生和独生子女的营养问题较为突出。社会、学校以及家庭应采取针对性的干预措施及时扭转当地营养状况的不良局面。

关键词: 中学生, 独生子女, 营养状况, 影响因素

CLC Number:

R153.2

ZHAO Hong-yan, ZHANG Ying, LIU Hui, YUAN Wen-zhen, FANG Xiang, HUANG Xiao-dan, LONG Dan-feng, WANG Yu. Study on the current status and influencing factors for nutrition of middle school students in Yongning County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J]. journal1, 2019, 27(7): 789-792.

赵红艳, 张莹, 刘辉, 袁文臻, 方响, 黄小丹, 龙丹凤, 王玉. 宁夏回族自治区永宁县中学生营养状况及影响因素调查研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(7): 789-792.

References

[1] Abarca-Gomezl,Abdeen ZA,Hamid ZA,et al.Worldwide trends in body-mass index,underweight,overweight,and obesity from 1975 to 2016:a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 1289 million children,adolescents,and adults[J].Lancet,2017,390(10113):2627-2642.
[2] Min J,Xue H,Wang V,et al.Are single children more likely to be overweight or obese than those with siblings? The influence of China′s one-child policy on childhood obesity[J].Prev Med,2017,103:8-13.
[3] NicoleAU.The health care cost implication of overweight and obesity during childhood[J].Health Services Research,2012,47(2):655-676.
[4] 吕文沛,吴文军,吴婉君,等.宁夏中小学生2014年营养状况评价[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1694-1696.
[5] Chenmwi C,Meeifang L,Bihshya G.Parental body mass index is associated with adolescent obesity in Taiwan[J].Research in Nursing&Health,2016,39(6):400-405.
[6] 中国肥胖问题工作组.中国学龄儿童超重、肥胖筛查体重指数分类标准[J].中华流行病学杂志,2004,25(2):97-102
[7] 陈贻珊,张一民,孔振兴,等.我国儿童青少年超重、肥胖流行现状调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(9):866-869,878
[8] 张俊梅,刘玮,张瑞娥,等.兰州市2014与2010年中小学生营养状况比较[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(6):913-914.
[9] 马洁,江国虹,朱传芳.天津青少年营养状况、体重认知及不健康减肥行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(4):563-569.
[10] Zhang J,Xu P,Liu F,et.al.One -child policy and childhood obesity[J].[2016-5-25].China Economic Review,https://dio.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2016.05.003.oL.
[11] 贾晓瑜,张亚妮,刁俊,等.重庆市中学生营养状况及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(01):92-94.
[12] 马梦婷,杨依锦,刘蒙蒙,等.2016 年四川省农村学龄儿童青少年营养状况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2017,32(2):65-69.
[13] Petur B J,Geir EE,Mathieu R,et al.Overweight and obesity in Norwegian children:prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors[J].Aca Paediatrica,2010,99(6):900-905

[1]	REN Qingxin, AN Na, HUANG Jianping, CHEN Rui, ZHANG Weibing, WU Yue. Current situation and health influencing factors of adolescent scoliosis among primary and middle school students aged 6 to 20 in Nantong City [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(8): 868-874.
[2]	LIU Yan, CHEN Jie, LI Xin, CHEN Jian. Status quo and influencing factors of depression among middle school students in Qingdao [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(7): 790-794.
[3]	CAO Li, WANG Yanhuan, WANG Yingying, ZHAO Qi, XU Biao, FU Chaowei. Investigation on demand for sexual health education among middle school students in Shanghai and Zhejiang [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(9): 1038-1044.
[4]	PENG Lianhua, LIU Dongdong, LONG Nannan, XU Ping, CHEN Yang, MAO Ping. Research progress in executive function of adolescents with adverse childhood experiences and the influencing factors [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(3): 299-303.
[5]	ZHANG Ying, WANG Jun-feng, DING Yan-hua. Clinical features and influencing factors of children with language delay [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2022, 30(8): 912-915.
[6]	LIU Xia, ZHANG Yue-bing. Relationship between depressive symptoms and adverse childhood experiences of rural middle school students [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(9): 951-954.
[7]	YUE Xiao-jing, DU Lin, JIA Fei-yong. Research advances in feeding difficulties of infants and toddlers [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(7): 738-741.
[8]	CHEN Yong-gang, GAO Qing, PIAO Tai-hong, CHENG Ming, YE Qian-wen, WU Ming. Prevalence of high blood pressure and its influencing factors among adolescents in Benxi, Liaoning province [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(7): 779-782.
[9]	ZHOU Zhou, DENG Liang-qiong, LIU Ping, HUANG Ting, ZENG Ting. Study on the status and influencing factors for urine lead level of primary and middle school students in Liuzhou city [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(4): 421-424.
[10]	LI Ying-yan, LI Xin, HUANG Xin-ping, XU Hai-lan, PANG Wei. Research progress on the influencing factors of nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(11): 1203-1207.
[11]	WANG Wen, CHEN Dan-dan, ZHANG Xin-hui. Correlation between quality of life and mental health of left-behind children and influencing factors of their quality of life [J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(11): 1245-1248.
[12]	FANG Shuan-feng, ZHANG Yi-xia, YE Bei, JIAO Min, ZHU Xiao-hua, REN Ling-min. Survey on behavior problems of pupils and family related factors in Zhengzhou [J]. journal1, 2021, 29(1): 92-96.
[13]	HUANG Yue, CHEN Chun-yi, WANG Yin-ping, GAO Ya-qing, ZHOU Hong. Study on domestic violent discipline and its influencing factors for children under 5 years old in some rural areas of China [J]. journal1, 2020, 28(8): 854-858.
[14]	ZHANG Ying-ying, LI Jing, SHENG Wang-tao, HU Rui, HUANG Ping. Retrospective analysis of catch-up growth in 247 premature infants [J]. journal1, 2020, 28(6): 684-688.
[15]	ZHAO Jing, ZHAO Jian-guo, LI Chang-fu, MA Cui, FANG Xin-lin, LI Qi, WU Xi, WANG Kai. Analysis of influential factors associated with myopia of pupils aged 8-9 years in Haidian district, Beijing [J]. journal1, 2020, 28(4): 471-474.