Status and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in 14 458 children aged 6 - 72 months in Haikou City

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0083

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To analyze the detection rate and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children aged 6 - 72 months in Haikou city, and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted on the clinical data of 14 458 children aged 6 - 72 months with iron deficiency anemia who had finished physical examinations at Haikou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2020 to July 2024. To know the prevalence and influencing factors of IDA in children aged 6 - 72 months through univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results The detection rate of IDA in children aged 6 - 72 months in the past 5 years was 15.5%, and the overall IDA detection rate showed a slow upward trend over the 5 years (χ²_trend=9.19, P=0.002, Pearson r=0.025). Univariate analysis revealed that there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in birth age (t=193.04), preterm birth (χ²=14.380), recurrent respiratory infections (χ²=27.513), first pregnancy (χ²=40.809), and first pregnancy (χ²=40.809) between the anemic and non anemic groups. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that recurrent respiratory infections were a high-risk factor for IDA (OR=1.451, 95%CI: 1.258 - 1.681, P<0.01). Conclusions The overall detection rate of IDA in children aged 6 - 72 months in Haikou City shows a slow upward trend. Recurrent respiratory infections are a high-risk factor for IDA, and active prevention and timely treatment of respiratory infections in children should be carried out.

Key words: children aged 6 - 72 months old, iron deficiency anemia, recurrent respiratory infections

摘要： 目的分析海口市6~72月龄儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)的检出率及其影响因素,为临床诊治提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性横断面调查2020年10月—2024年7月期间在海口市妇幼保健院体检的14 458名6~72月龄儿童缺铁性贫血的临床资料。通过单因素分析和logistic回归分析,了解儿童IDA的患病情况及其影响因素。结果 6~72月龄儿童近5年IDA检出率为15.5%,5年间IDA检出率总体呈缓慢上升趋势(χ²_趋势=9.19,P=0.002,Pearson r=0.025)。单因素分析发现,出生日龄(t=193.04)、是否为早产儿(χ²=14.380)、是否有反复呼吸系统感染(χ²=27.513)、是否头胎(χ²=40.809)、是否首次怀孕(χ²=40.809)在贫血组和非贫血组间的差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,反复呼吸系统感染是IDA的高危因素(OR=1.451,95%CI:1.258~1.681, P<0.01)。结论海口市6~72月龄儿童IDA检出率总体呈缓慢上升趋势,反复呼吸系统感染是IDA的高危因素,应积极预防和及时处理儿童呼吸系统感染。

关键词: 6~72月龄儿童, 缺铁性贫血, 反复呼吸道感染

CLC Number:

R179

ZHUO Qiuling, LIN Bailang, HUANG Lihong, LIU Ying, FU Liying, SHI Liangsun, ZOU Binjun, CHEN Dan, ZHOU Jie, ZHOU Xiaomei. Status and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in 14 458 children aged 6 - 72 months in Haikou City[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(9): 1025-1029.

卓秋玲, 林白浪, 黄丽红, 刘颖, 符丽英, 施良孙, 邹斌君, 陈丹, 周洁, 周小妹. 海口市14 458名6~72月龄儿童缺铁性贫血状况及其影响因素[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(9): 1025-1029.

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