Abstract: Objective To study the features of left ventricular structure and function in children and adolescent with essential hypertension (EH). Method Cardiac structural parameters and function were measured in 37 EH children with echocardiography (EH group) and 42 healthy children were studied as controls. Results Compared with control group, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), interventricular septum end-diastolic thickness (IVST), left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were all significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).While ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) were significantly lower in EH group compared with control group (P<0.05).Descending E peak in end diastole was lower in the EH group, but with no statistical significance (P>0.05).In EH group, peak in end diastole was enhanced (P<0.05), and E/A ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05).Some of the patients were found to develop left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion In children with EH, the heart as a target organ had developed some degree of structural and functional changes.

Key words: essential hypertension, echocardiography, left ventricular structure, left ventricular function, children

摘要： 目的 探讨儿童青少年原发性高血压左心室结构及心功能的特点, 为有效防治提供参考依据。方法 以超声心动图测量37名原发性高血压患儿心脏结构和功能各项指标, 并与42例健康儿童为对照组作比较分析。结果 原发性高血压组患儿左心室舒张末期内径、左心室收缩末期内径、左心室后壁舒张末期厚度、室间隔舒张末期厚度、左心室质量、左心室质量指数较较对照组显著增高(P＜0.05), 左心室射血分数、左心室短轴缩短率较对照组降低(P＜0.05)。舒张早期峰值血流速度(E峰)较对照组下降(P＞0.05), 舒张晚期峰值血流速度(A峰)上升(P＜0.05), E/A显著下降(P＜0.05)。9例患儿存在左心室肥厚, 1例出现向心性重构。结论 在儿童原发性高血压病中, 心脏作为病变受累的靶器官, 已存在结构和功能的异常改变。

关键词: 原发性高血压, 超声心动图, 左心室结构, 左心室功能, 儿童