Objective To explore the characteristics of the intelligence level and structure in school-aged children with a history of febrile seizures (FS). Methods Thirty children with a history of simple febrile seizures (SFS),30 children with a history of complex febrile seizures (CFS) and 34 children without a history of FS were assessed using China Wechsler Intelligence Scale of Children(C-WISC).The scores among groups were compared.Results The full intelligence quotient (FIQ),verbal IQ (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) in the SFS and CFS group were in normal ranges and did not different from the normal group.There were significant differences in the scores for coding,similarities and M /C factor between the CFS group and normal group (F=3.169,2.967,3.082,P<0.05).There was significantly different in balancing tests of three groups (χ²=4.099,6.461,P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 It is normal in the total intelligence level of FS children,but there are imbalances in the intelligence structure.The M /C factor of CFS children have some defects and CFS children might be brain dysfunction associated with memory and attention.