Abstract: Objectives To study the growth development and nutritional status of children and adolescents in Weihui of Henan province in 2011-2012 academic year,to find the differences between them from urban and rural areas and provide the corresponding information on study of growth and development between male and female students in Weihui City,and a basis on improving the city's health care management in schools. Methods According to the physical examination data of Weihui city's primary and high school students in 2011-2012 academic year,46 511 physical health indicators were analyzed from 6 to 15 years old based on their different genders and areas. Results Height and weight growth of 6~15 years old children and adolescents,reached the standard according to the Chinese reference value,except the male teenagers in rural areas.The children and adolescents were lagged off by their peers in cities comparing their body weight and height.The differences existed between the participants in urban and rural.In the group with the age of ten,comparing the average body height,urban boys were taller by 2.64 cm and urban girls were taller by 2.07 cm.For the average body weight,urban boys were heavier by 3.44 kg,while urban girls were heavier by 2.52 kg.In the group with the age of 10~11,it showed physiological cross-phenomenon of height growth.However,there was no such difference in weight growth.Preschool children's growth difference was more prominent. Conclusions A big gap of the children's growth level of Weihui and of the developed areas in China is found.Growth level differences between urban and rural students should not be ignored.Conducting school health care and health education in primary and high schools is needed urgently.

Key words: growth and development, body height, body weight, nutritional status;physiological cross-phenomenon, skewed distribution, primary and high school students

摘要： 目的 了解河南省卫辉市2011-2012学年儿童少年生长发育状况,及城乡、性别差异,为少年儿童生长发育的研究提供相应资料,也为开展学校卫生保健工作提供依据。方法 根据2011-2012学年卫辉市学生体格检查数据,对46 511名6~15岁城乡男、女学生的体质指标进行分析。结果 该市6~15岁儿童少年身高和体重生长发育水平,除农村男生外,其余均达到中国儿童少年的相关参考值标准。农村地区学生的身高、体重均落后于同龄城区学生,存在着城乡差异,10个年龄组身高平均相差男生为2.64 cm,女生为2.07 cm,体重平均相差男生为3.44 kg,女生为2.52 kg。身高发育在10~11岁出现生理交叉现象,体重发育无此规律。学龄前期儿童少年生长发育城乡差异较突出。 结论 卫辉市儿童少年生长发育水平与我国发达地区有较大差距,本市的城乡差距仍不容忽视,在中小学生中进一步落实开展学校卫生保健、健康教育等工作迫在眉睫。

关键词: 生长发育, 身高, 体重, 生理交叉现象, 城乡差异偏态分布, 中小学生