Objective To establish a database of physical development of children under the age of 7 in 15 kinds of endemic minority in Yunnan,and provide reference for the various departments. Methods An investigation was conducted by cluster sampling and typical survey.To measure body weight,length (height),crown-rump length (sitting height),head circumference,chest circumference,and arm circumference for physical development of children under the age of 7 in 15 kinds of endemic minority.The data used Epidata to establish the database,with SPSS15 package for statistical analysis. Results Six indices were increasing with age growth.Boys were higher than girls.In 2010,the body weight,length (height),and arm circumference were growed compared to 1988.The increments of body weight,length (height),and arm circumference were 1.43 kg,2.8 cm,0.7 cm for boys 6 years old group.Moreover,the group existed difference in nation and region.The top three of higher mean weight were Naxi nationality,Jinuo nationality and Bai nationality.The top two of lower mean weight were Lahu nationality,Hani nationality.The top three of higher mean height were Naxi nationality,Bai nationality and Pumi nationality.The top two of lower mean weight were Bulang nationality,Lahu nationality.The body weight and height both higher regions were Lijiang,Dali,Baoshan.The lower regions were Yuanyang and Puer. Conclusions The body weight,length (height),and arm circumference increase with time.The height of the growth is mainly the growth of the lower limbs.This difference between the nations is larger,mainly in the border areas and the mainland,the minority preferential policies should be offered,we will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development,and strengthen wowan's nutrition when pregnancy,and help to improve the minority children's growth.