Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the current situation of 1 092 preschool children's visual acuity and the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus,and to provide informations for the prevention and treatment. 【Methods】 A sample of 1 902 chidren (2 804 eyes,4 to 6 years old) selected randomly who were underwent eye examination,including distant visual acuity(VA),best corrected VA(BCVA),ocular alignment,cover test and ocular motility evaluation.Retinoscopy was performed for children with subnormal visual situation to exclude the eye structure disease. 【Result】 Of 1 902 effective examinations,the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus was 1.8%,2.2% respectively. 【Conclusion】 Strabismus and amblyopia are the frequent causes of visual impairment among preschool children.The results of the study emphasize the needs for early prevention and adequate diagnostic eye care services for preschool children.

Key words: visual acuity, ocular alignment, amblyopia, strabismus, preschool children

摘要： 【目的】 通过检查1 092例学龄前儿童视力及眼位状态,了解弱视、斜视患病情况,以期对学龄前儿童的异常视觉状态早发现、早治疗。 【方法】 采取整群随机抽样方法抽取5所幼儿园1 092例4~6岁儿童,应用缪氏对数视力表检查视力; 眼位检查采用33 cm角膜映光法和遮盖法;凡眼位可疑及视力低常的儿童采用阿托品散瞳检影验光并排除眼部器质性病变。 【结果】 学龄前儿童弱视患病率为1.8%,斜视患病率为2.2%。 【结论】 弱视及斜视仍然是学龄前儿童常见的眼病,加强预防和完善诊治是社区眼保健工作的重心。

关键词: 视力, 眼位, 弱视, 斜视, 学龄前儿童