Abstract: 【Objective】 To describe the epidemiological distribution of fetal macrosomia in six counties (2 counties×3 provinces) of rural China. 【Method】 Stratified random cluster sampling was used to sample medical records of all live births in 2008 in 25 research medical institution. 【Results】 17 805 live births were investigated. The macrosomia incidence in rural China was 9.91%(95%CI:9.47,10.35), male for 12.01% and female for 7.54%. The macrosomia incidence in Mengcheng and Biyang County both reached to 15%. Male macrosomia reached to 18%, which was higher six percents than female infants. The incidence of macrosomia born in spring was higher than that of other seasons. Macrosomia incidence trended to rise with the increase of delivery age. Increased macrosomia incidence was observed in women with peasants, more parities, overweight and prolonged pregnancy. Relations between birth check frequency, first birth check week and macrosomia incidence appeared to be U-shaped, all the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The 2008 macrosomia incidence in Anhui and Henan have reached to a high level. The male macrosomia incidence is higher than female in rural China. The incidence of macrosomia born in spring is higher and it show significant difference between characteristic maternal population.

Key words: fetal macrosomia, rural areas, epidemiological distribution

摘要： 【目的】 描述中国三省六县农村地区巨大儿发生率及三间分布特征。 【方法】 采用分层整群随机抽样相结合的方法抽取三省六县25个医疗机构2008年入院分娩的活产儿病案进行问卷摘录。 【结果】 共收录合格问卷17 805份,巨大儿发生率为9.91%(95%CI:9.47,10.35),男婴12.01%,女婴7.54%。蒙城和泌阳巨大儿率均达15%以上,其中男婴达18%以上,高出当地女婴近6个百分点。春季娩出的巨大儿率高于其他三个季节,差异有统计学意义。随着分娩年龄的升高,巨大儿发生率有升高趋势;农民、孕产次数多、超重、过期妊娠的妇女巨大儿率较高;妇女产检次数和首次产检孕周均与巨大儿率呈U形曲线关系,差异有统计学意义。 【结论】 安徽河南农村地区巨大儿发生率已达较高水平。农村地区巨大儿发生率男婴高于女婴,春季高发,不同特征人群的妇女巨大儿发生率也显箸不同。

关键词: 巨大儿, 农村地区, 流行病学