Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of combined exercise and dietary intervention on liver proteins and metabolites in obese mice, so as to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms by which this intervention ameliorates obesity. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, obesity group, and combined invention group, with 10 mice in each group.The control group received a standard diet for 12 weeks, whereas the obesity group received a high-fat diet for the same duration.Following 8 weeks of high-fat diet feeding, the combined invention group received 4 weeks of regular feed and moderate intensity exercise intervention.Proteomics and metabolomics analyses were performed to evaluate protein expression levels and metabolite content in liver tissues across the groups at the end of 12 weeks.Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to identify differences among the groups. Results In comparison to the obesity group, the combined intervention group demonstrated significant upregulation of 157 proteins and 79 metabolites, as well as significant downregulation of 104 proteins and 48 metabolites.Multi-omics analysis revealed that combined exercise and diet intervention primarily influenced liver metabolism by modulating retinol, fatty acid, and linoleic acid metabolism, and bile secretion. Conclusions Combined exercise and dietary intervention significantly reduce body weight in obese mice, accompanied by alterations in hepatic retinol metabolism, bile acid secretion, and lipid-related metabolic pathways.These findings suggest that these metabolic pathways may be involved in the metabolic remodeling induced by the intervention.

Key words: combined exercise and diet intervention, obesity, bile acids, retinol metabolism

摘要： 目的 探讨运动饮食联合干预对肥胖小鼠肝脏蛋白及代谢物的影响,为研究运动饮食联合干预改善肥胖的分子机制提供理论依据。方法 将30只雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为对照组、肥胖组和干预组,每组各10只。对照组采用普通饲料喂养12周,肥胖组采用高脂饲料喂养12周,干预组以高脂饲料喂养8周后,再进行4周普通饲料喂养和中等强度的运动干预。在第12周时采用蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法检测各组小鼠肝脏组织蛋白质表达水平及代谢物含量,并进行生物信息学分析。结果 蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析结果显示,与肥胖组相比,干预组有157种蛋白质和79种代谢物显著上调,104种蛋白质和48种代谢物显著下调。蛋白及代谢组学联合分析结果显示,联合干预主要通过影响肥胖小鼠肝脏中视黄醇、脂肪酸、亚油酸的合成与代谢,以及胆汁分泌影响机体代谢。结论 运动饮食联合干预可显著降低肥胖小鼠体重,同时伴随肝脏视黄醇代谢、胆汁分泌和脂质类物质代谢等多条代谢通路的改变,提示这些通路可能参与了干预后的代谢重塑过程。

关键词: 运动饮食联合干预, 肥胖, 胆汁酸, 视黄醇代谢