Objective To analyse the relative factors of the compliance of methylphenidate for children with attential deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aided by the behavior intervention techniques of the school and family. Methods A total of 190 cases of ADHD were followed up,treated by the comprehensive treatment of the behavior modification techniques of the school family aiding methylphenidate,and investigated with self edited general questionnaire,Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV)to test the status of children,their families and their parents,and the relative factors of ADHD children's comprehensive treatment compliance were analyzed. Results The follow-up period was 24 months,with 68(35.79%) children persisting to 6 months,45(23.68%) persisting to 12 months,25(13.16%) persisting to 18 months and 21(11.05%) to 24 months.Multiple step-wise regression analysis suggested that the factors improving the compliance of ADHD children's comprehensive treatment included index of hyperactivity deduction rate,the time their parents spend attending publicity and education of the ADHD treatment,the period their parents received education,intimacy and organization of family environment (standardized regression coefficients were 0.36,0.34,0.39,0.26 and 0.31 respectively).The reducing factors were the side effect of children,the depression score and the anxiety score of their elder members of the family or the contradiction of the family environment(standardized regression coefficients were -0.24,-0.19,-0.42 and -0.32 respectively). Conclusion The good compliance of ADHD comprehensive treatment results from long duration of diseases,high cultural level of their elder members of the family,excellent intimacy family environment and organization,much publicity and education from specialist,whereas inter-generational attending,the depression and anxiety feelings of their elder members of the family and high conflict of family environment decrease the compliance.