关键词: 认知发育, 婴幼儿, 家庭环境

Abstract: Objective To exam the influencing factors of normal infant cognitive development. Methods A total of 484 infants were randomly selected,aged from 17 days to 42 months and 10 days with the girl to boy ratio of 1∶1.The infants experienced normal delivery and physical development.Cognitive tests were performed in all infants and the related factors were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire. Results In cognitive developmental quotient,there was no significant difference between girl group and boy group (t=1.211,P>0.05),and the mean±SD was 101.13±5.82.The differences of cognitive developmental quotient were not found among groups of delivery mode,maternal age at childbirth,Kaup index and number of children (P all >0.05).The scores of the infants in higher education group (mother and father) were significantly higher than those in Primary and secondary group(P all <0.01).There were significant differences among the occupation(mother and father) groups(P all <0.01).The infants in specialty technical staff group (mother and father) scored significantly higher than that in the officer group and other service group.Of the factors,stepwise multiple linear regression showed that parental education and occupation had the most important effect on children's cognitive development. Conclusion The parents with higher education level have a good family environment for the cognitive development in normal children.

Key words: cognitive development, infants, family environment