目的 了解铜陵市城区5岁以下儿童死亡原因及动态变化规律,探索可行性的干预措施。 方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对2006-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行分析。结果 7年间,新生儿、婴儿及5岁以下儿童平均死亡率为3.26‰、5.17‰、7.07‰。婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡数的73.08%。先天异常、各类意外、早产和低出生体重是5岁以下儿童的主要死因。 结论降低新生儿及婴儿死亡率是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。提高围生期保健质量和产科质量,采取出生缺陷干预措施,加强健康教育宣传,提高安全防范意识,普及简单有效的现场应急抢救技术等都是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的有效措施。

Objective To know the current death situation and the change of children under 5 years old in Tongling city and explore the feasibility of intervention measures. Method A retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the monitoring data of death of children under 5 years old from 2006 to 2012. Results During the 7 years,in neonates,infants and children under 5 years old,the average mortality rates were 3.26 ‰,5.17 ‰ and 7.07 ‰,respectively.Infant deaths accounted 73.08% for the death number of children under 5 years old.Congenital anomaly,various types of accidents,preterm delivery and low birth weight were the main cause of death in children under 5 years old. Conclusions The key to reduce the death rate of children under 5 years old is to reduce the death of infant and neonates.To improve the quality of perinatal health care and obstetric quality,take birth defect intervention,strengthen health education,improve safety awareness,the popularity of simple and effective emergency rescue technology are effective measures to reduce the mortality of children under 5 years old.