我国孤独症谱系障碍儿童评估干预的现实审视与对策

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1079

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种复杂的神经发育障碍,目前病因尚不明确,早期评估和干预是缓解ASD不良后果的有效途径。本研究基于2021年《柳叶刀》发布的“关于孤独症未来照护和临床研究”的报告,通过文献研究与政策梳理,对我国ASD儿童评估与干预的现状进行了审视,为推动我国ASD儿童早期识别、评估和干预的规范化发展,提供重要依据。研究发现,我国ASD儿童的评估与干预政策及规范指南正在逐步完善、评估与干预服务模式也正在建立、科学研究的力度逐步加强。然而,社会支持环境、服务体系、评估工具和跨部门合作仍有待提升和完善。针对目前的现状与问题,提出以下对策:改善社会环境,提升ASD患儿社会融入水平;完善服务体系,创建具有中国特色的评估与干预服务模式;规范评估工具,提高ASD的筛查与诊断水平;加强部门合作,规范ASD评估与干预网络。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 评估, 干预, 现实审视, 对策

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder(ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by unclear etiology and a lack of effective treatments. Early screening and intervention represent viable strategies for mitigating the adverse consequences.Through literature research and policy analysis, this study examines the current status of assessment and intervention for ASD children in China based on the Lancet report "Future Care and Clinical Research on Autism" published in 2021, providing important evidence to promote the standardized development of early identification, assessment, and intervention forASD children in China. Our findings indicate that policies and guidelines for screening and intervention of ASD children have improved gradually, service models have been established, and scientific research has been strengthened. However, there remains significant scope for enhancement in the social support environment, the screening and intervention service system, the standardization of assessment tools, and cross-sectoral cooperation.In resporse to current situation and problems, the following countermeasures are proposed: improving the social environment to foster the social integration of autistic children; refining the service system to establish a screening and intervention model tailored to Chinese characteristics; standardizing assessment tools to enhance the quality of autism screening and diagnosis; and strengthening cross-sectoral cooperation to regulate the autism screening intervention network.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, assessment, intervention, realistic examination, countermeasures

中图分类号:

R749.94

杨慧敏, 王利红, 李瑞莉, 政晓果, 朱彦丽, 张晓鸣, 陈博文. 我国孤独症谱系障碍儿童评估干预的现实审视与对策[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(1): 71-76.

YANG Huimin, WANG Lihong, LI Ruili, ZHENG Xiaoguo, ZHU Yanli, ZHANG Xiaoming, CHEN Bowen. Realistic examination and countermeasures of screening and intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(1): 71-76.

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