发育性协调障碍儿童青少年运动干预的研究进展

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0116

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文旨在探讨运动干预对发育性协调障碍(DCD)儿童的影响及其生理机制,同时系统回顾了近年来关于运动干预对DCD儿童影响的实验性研究。研究表明,运动干预能显著改善DCD儿童的运动协调能力,且干预形式呈多样化趋势,从基础运动训练到专项运动训练(如跆拳道、乒乓球),以及结合认知任务的创新性训练方式。通过运动干预能诱导突触可塑性、重塑神经环路、增加灰质体积、调节神经递质系统等途径,促进大脑生理变化,进而提高运动控制能力。这些改变通过多条信号通路的激活实现,最终优化了运动相关脑区的功能连接。

关键词: 发育性协调障碍, 运动干预, 神经可塑性, 运动控制, 突触重塑

Abstract: This paper aims to explore the effects of exercise interventions on children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and their underlying physiological mechanisms, while systematically reviewing recent experimental studies on the impact of exercise interventions on children with DCD. Research indicates that exercise interventions can significantly improve motor coordination in children with DCD, with intervention Methods showing increasing diversity, ranging from fundamental movement training to specialized sports training (such as taekwondo, table tennis), as well as innovative training approaches combining cognitive tasks. Exercise interventions can promote brain physiological changes through inducing synaptic plasticity, restructuring neural circuits, increasing gray matter volume, and regulating neurotransmitter systems, thereby enhancing motor control abilities. These changes are achieved through the activation of multiple signaling pathways, ultimately optimizing functional connectivity in motor-related brain regions.

Key words: developmental coordination disorder, exercise intervention, neural plasticity, motor control, synaptic remodeling

中图分类号:

R179

侯耀奇, 雷宗翰, 王燕, 芦婉晶, 刘红, 宋湘勤. 发育性协调障碍儿童青少年运动干预的研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(12): 1333-1337.

HOU Yaoqi, LEI Zonghan, WANG Yan, LU Wanjing, LIU Hong, SONG Xiangqin. Research progress on the exercise intervention for children and adolescents with developmental coordination disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(12): 1333-1337.

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