儿童功能性便秘的临床诊治进展

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-0952

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 功能性便秘(FC)是全世界儿童的常见疾病,严重影响患儿及其照护者的社会、身体和情感功能。目前FC的诊断基于罗马Ⅳ标准进行临床诊断。非药物治疗包括健康教育、生活方式建议和如厕训练。药物治疗包括解除粪便嵌塞、维持治疗及最终尽可能停药。聚乙二醇(PEG)是解除粪便嵌塞和维持治疗的首选泻剂。同时,不同的渗透性泻药、刺激性泻药、润滑剂和灌肠剂可作为替代药物治疗的选择。对于益生菌治疗及目前出现的新药,尚缺乏在儿童FC中广泛应用的证据,需要更多高质量的研究。本综述对目前可用的科学证据及临床经验进行总结,以促进儿科医师对FC患儿进行更好的临床管理。

关键词: 功能性便秘, 聚乙二醇, 益生菌, 儿童

Abstract: Functional constipation(FC) is a common disorder affecting children worldwide, significantly impacting the social, physical, and emotional functioning of both the affected children and their caregivers. Currently, the diagnosis of FC is clinically based on the Rome Ⅳ criteria. Non-pharmacological treatments include health education, lifestyle advice, and toilet training. Pharmacological interventions include disimpaction, maintenance therapy, and eventual withdrawal of medication if possible. Polyethylene glycol(PEG) is considered the first-choice laxative for disimpaction and maintenance therapy. Additionally, various osmotic laxatives, stimulant laxatives, lubricants, and enemas can serve as alternative therapeutic options. For probiotics and newly emerging drugs, there is a lack of evidence supporting their widespread use in childhood FC, necessitating more high-quality research. This review summarizes the currently available scientific evidence and clinical experience to facilitate better clinical management of FC in children by pediatricians.

Key words: functional constipation, potyethylene plycal, probiotics, children

中图分类号:

R179
R725

张妮妮, 王宝西, 江逊. 儿童功能性便秘的临床诊治进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(5): 524-528.

ZHANG Nini, WANG Baoxi, JIANG Xun. Advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment of functional constipation in children[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(5): 524-528.

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