儿童早期健康是值得关注的全球性公共卫生问题,儿童的健康不平等间接反映了国家儿童保健、教育和其他基础设施分布的不公平性。世界范围内,193个国家通过《2030年可持续发展议程》,并探索了不同的发展策略和应对举措。明确“将儿童置于可持续发展目标的核心”是成功实现可持续发展目标必不可少的因素,经过几十年不断的努力和实践,我国在改善儿童福祉方面取得了巨大进展,但还存在东西部发展不均衡、贫困农村地区服务能力不足等挑战,肥胖、近视、心理等新问题也随之出现,因此,中国目前仍不能完全满足儿童日益增长的健康需求。本文从全球健康的视角,系统综述了全球儿童早期健康事业的发展现状、我国儿童早期发展工作的主要历程和工作经验,并根据全球发展趋势对我国儿童早期健康发展的工作重点和机遇挑战进行展望,希望可以为我国儿童早期健康的进一步研究提供资料。
Abstract
As the health disparities among children indirectly reflect the unfair distribution of national child healthcare, education, and other infrastructure, early childhood health development is a globally significant public health concern. On a global scale, 193 countries have endorsed The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and have explored various development strategies. The government placing children's interests and their rights at the core of their efforts to achieve theSustainable Development Goals(SDGs) is essential, China has made substantial progress in improving children's well-being over several decades of continuous effort and practice. However, challenges persist, including regional development imbalances, insufficient service capabilities in impoverished rural areas, and emerging issues like obesity, myopia, and mental health problems. China still needs to meet the growing health needs of children fully. From a global health perspective, this article systematically reviews the current status of global early childhood health development, outlines the significant milestones and best practices in China's early childhood development efforts, and also anticipates the focus and challenges in early childhood development in China based on global trends, hoping to contribute to further research in this field.
关键词
全球健康 /
儿童早期发展 /
现状与挑战 /
健康公平
Key words
global health /
early childhood development /
current situation and challenge /
health equity
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