不同注意力、控制力水平注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知功能特点

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-0969

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 591-596.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-0969

不同注意力、控制力水平注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知功能特点

刘子奇¹, 刘思奇², 陶梦娇¹, 任永颖¹, 李冠男¹, 孙静¹, 王昕¹, 张建昭¹, 杨健¹

1.首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科,北京 100020;
2.首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院儿科

收稿日期:2023-09-20 修回日期:2024-01-26 发布日期:2024-06-03 出版日期:2024-06-10
通讯作者: 杨健,E-mail:yangjian1306@sina.com
作者简介:刘子奇(1996-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要研究方向为神经发育障碍疾病与认知功能。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271579);首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2020-1-4111)

Characteristics of cognitive function in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder with different levels of attention and control

LIU Ziqi¹, LIU Siqi², TAO Mengjiao¹, REN Yongying¹, LI Guannan¹, SUN Jing¹, WANG Xin¹, ZHANG Jianzhao¹, YANG Jian¹

1. Department of Neurology,Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;
2. Department of Pediatrics,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University

Received:2023-09-20 Revised:2024-01-26 Online:2024-06-10 Published:2024-06-03
Contact: YANG Jian,E-mail:yangjian1306@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析不同注意力、控制力水平注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童认知功能的特点以及与认知功能的关系。方法选取2022年1月-2023年4月于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科门诊和多动症门诊就诊的ADHD儿童共104例,进行韦氏、视听整合持续操作测验(IVA-CPT)及认知功能测试。依据IVA-CPT结果,将ADHD儿童分为注意缺陷型(ADHD-I)、多动冲动型(ADHD-HI)及混合型(ADHD-C)。采用SPSS 23.0比较三种亚型ADHD儿童认知功能特点,并分析认知功能与症状评分、注意力、控制力的相关性。结果三组患儿智商、数学认知能力、数字推理能力、序列关系、短时记忆广度(倒叙)差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两两比较,ADHD-HI型儿童的智商、数学认知能力、数字推理能力、序列关系均优于ADHD-C型及ADHD-I型(P＜0.05)。ADHD儿童的认知能力与智商呈正相关(r=0.332~0.399,P＜0.05)。在认知功能与IVA成绩的相关性分析中,ADHD儿童的序列关系和比较大小测试成绩与IVA-CPT结果呈低度正相关(r=0.300~0.337,P＜0.05),而认知功能与SNAP-Ⅳ症状评分的相关性分析中,未出现明显的相关性(r＜0.3)。结论注意力水平较低的ADHD儿童其认知功能较差;注意力与序列关系、比较大小测试成绩具有一定的相关性。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 认知功能, 儿童, 注意力, 抑制控制

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of cognitive function in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at different levels of attention and control,as well as their relationship with cognitive function. Methods A total of 104 children with ADHD who visited the Outpatient Department of Neurology and ADHD Clinic of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected into this study to perform Wechwecht test,Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT),and cognitive function tests.According to the results ofIVA-CPT, children with ADHD were divided into attention deficit type (ADHD-I),hyperactive and impulsive type (ADHD-HI) and combined type (ADHD-C).SPSS 23.0 statistical software package was used to compare the cognitive function characteristics of the three subtypes of ADHD children,and the correlation of cognitive function with symptom scores,attention and control was analyzed. Results There were significant differences in intelligence quotient (IQ),mathematical cognitive ability,numerical reasoning ability,sequential relationship and short-term memory span (flashback) among the three groups(P＜0.05).In pairwise comparisons,children with ADHD-HI showed superior IQ,mathematical cognitive abilities,numerical reasoning abilities,and sequential relationships compared to children with ADHD-C and ADHD-I (P<0.05).The cognitive ability of ADHD children was positively correlated with IQ (r=0.332 - 0.399,P＜0.05).In the correlation analysis between cognitive function and IVA scores,sequential relationships and comparison performance were slightly positively correlated with IVA-CPT results in children with ADHD (r=0.300 - 0.337,P<0.05).However,no significant correlation was found between cognitive function and SNAP-Ⅳ symptom scores (r<0.3). Conclusions ADHD children with low attention level have poor cognitive functions.Attention is correlation with sequential relation and comparison size test scores.

Key words: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, cognitive function, children, attention, inhibitory control

中图分类号:

R749.94

刘子奇, 刘思奇, 陶梦娇, 任永颖, 李冠男, 孙静, 王昕, 张建昭, 杨健. 不同注意力、控制力水平注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知功能特点[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2024, 32(6): 591-596.

LIU Ziqi, LIU Siqi, TAO Mengjiao, REN Yongying, LI Guannan, SUN Jing, WANG Xin, ZHANG Jianzhao, YANG Jian. Characteristics of cognitive function in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder with different levels of attention and control[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(6): 591-596.

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不同注意力、控制力水平注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知功能特点

Characteristics of cognitive function in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder with different levels of attention and control

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