目的 比较脑电生物反馈治疗不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童的疗效。方法 采用自身前后对照设计,收集临床确诊并经脑电生物反馈治疗的54例ADHD患儿,采用SNAP-Ⅳ量表分别于治疗前、治疗结束、治疗后3月和6个月进行评定。结果 治疗结束、治疗后3个月和6个月三亚型患儿SNAP-Ⅳ评分显著低于治疗前(P均<0.01)。治疗结束时注意缺陷型和混合型患儿降低分值显著高于多动冲动型,三组有效率分别为84.21%、60.87%、41.67%,差别有统计学意义(χ²=6.111,P=0.047)。3个月时混合型患儿评分差值(与治疗前比较)显著高于多动冲动型患儿(P<0.01),各组有效率和缓解率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6个月时三组患儿评分差值、有效率和缓解率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 脑电生物反馈能有效治疗ADHD;对不同亚型ADHD的疗效不同,临床应根据分型选择最佳治疗方案。

Objective To study the effect of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback treatment on children with different subtype of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). Methods A total of 54 children with different subtype of ADHD participated in a self-controlled clinical trial.Every group was followed up for 6 months after treatment.SNAP-Ⅳ Rating Scale was used to assess the efficacy. Results SNAP-Ⅳscore of children with different subtype of ADHD had significantly reduced after treatment until 6 months(P<0.01).The score differences of DHD-IT and ADHD-CT were significantly higher than that of ADHD-HT,the effective rate of three groups respectively was 84.21%,60.87%,41.67% at the end of the treatment.There were statistically significant difference in effective rate in the three groups (χ²=6.111,P=0.047).The score difference of ADHD-CT was significantly higher than that of ADHD-HT at the end of 3 months(P<0.01).But there were not statistically significant differences in effective rate and remission rate in the three groups at the end of 3 months and 6 months(P>0.05). Conclusion EEG biofeedback training has different effects on different subtype of ADHD.The different treatment methods should be chosen by different subtype of ADHD in clinical treatment.