China has a large population of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet there remains a significant gap between available service resources and the needs of these children.To enhance the capacity of the national maternal and child health system in serving children with ASD, the China Maternal and Child Health Association initiated the "Standardized Construction of a Three-Tier Autism Prevention and Intervention Network" project.The Committee on Autism Prevention and Intervention organized experts to develop this consensus, which addresses the establishment of a three-tier network and outlines standardized approaches for screening, diagnosis, rehabilitation therapy, and family support.

In recent years, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been increasing annually and has become a globally recognized public health issue. Currently, rehabilitation treatment primarily focuses on educational interventions and behavioral modifications, emphasizing core symptom training, while there is insufficient management regarding children's health status. However, the health condition of children with ASD significantly impacts their prognosis. Based on this, Specialized Committee on Prevention and Treatment of Autism of China Maternal and Child Health Research Association has led the establishment of an expert panel to develop this consensus. This consensus aims to provide guidance for medical institutions at all levels, as well as for doctors, rehabilitation therapists, teachers, and parents. It advocates for the adoption of targeted, personalized, and developmentally appropriate health management strategies and family support plans based on the foundation of rehabilitation education and training,so as to support the children with ASD to reach their maximum potential.

Infancy is a critical period for children's growth and development, and the provision of good nurturing care and health management at this stage will promote their all-round development in physical development, movement, language, cognition, emotion and sociality. Both the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) mentioned that the most direct and effective way to promote early childhood development is nurturing care. Based on this, the Child Health Care Branch of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association led the establishment of an expert group to formulate this expert consensus in combination with the actual situation of child health care in China, in order to guide the construction of specialties in infants and young children nurturing care in health care institutions at all levels, improve caregivers' parenting and care skills, help create a good family environment, and ensure infants and young children's health, nutritional balance, life safety, emotional support and opportunities for early learning.

Children and adolescents are vulnerable to major public health stress events. Since the outbreak coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, home quarantine and online learning have been adopted to contain the spread of COVID-19. In view of the increasing social and psychological behavioral problems of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the long-term or intermittent home quarantine and online learning in the post-COVID-19 period, the Developmental Behavior Pediatrics Group of Chinese Pediatric Society formulated this recommendation, which is based on "Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on children and adolescents and recommendations for family intervention(1st version)" in 2020 and the current domestic situation. It is hoped that social and psychological support will be provided to children of all ages during home quarantine/online learning from family, school and health, and continue to implement coping strategies in the prevention and treatment of children′s social and behavioral problems in special periods.