Objectives To study the physical development of children in the garden in Chongqing Chayuan area in rural-urban fringe zone,and to find out the growth development problem in unattended children and common children to provide the basis for government decision-making.Methods A method of stratified cluster sampling were adopted to investigate 1 921 children in 17 level 3 gardens,including 958 unattended children and 963 common children.Based on WHO child growth standards(2006),comparison was made in height,weight,dental caries,ametropia and anemia detection rate of the two which described by constituent ratio.Results The Obesity and Ametropia detectable rates of the unattended children were 5.22% and 4.18%,which was statistically lower than the common children(7.58% and 8.93%).The other health indicators were not statistically different.Conclusion The unattended children in this area are in good physical health in the mass,mean while,the detection rate of dental caries is growing with children ages which more attention are needed.