Abstract: Objective To investigate the relative risk factors of the morbidity rate of asthma in children with bronchiolitis in rural areas,and to provide clinical reference for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods A total of 575 cases of children with bronchiolitis were selected from January 2005 to May 2008 in Cangzhou rural areas.The investigation included 29 factors.Then,the sicked children were carried out the clinical examination and questionnaire survey from May 2011 to October 2013.A total of 300 cases completed the investigation and divided into asthma group and non-asthma group,the asthma morbidity rate and risk factors were analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software.The selected factors (P<0.05) were screened by logistic regression analysis. Results Among 300 cases of bronchiolitis children,the morbidity rate was 26.33%.Risk factors for asthma were screened and ranked as follows:recurrently lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) (X10) (OR=65.562;95%CI:21.604~198.963);Allergic rhinitis history of the first or second degree relatives (X6) (OR=8.161;95%CI:2.735~24.350),eczema (X3)(OR=5.538;95%CI:2.322~13.208),personal history of allergy (X4) (OR=3.458;95%CI:1.529~7.823),asthma history of the first or second degree relatives (X5)(OR=3.204;95%CI:1.330~7.721). Conclusion Recurrently LRTI is a strong predictor of asthma,allergic rhinitis history of the first or second degree relatives,eczema,personal history of allergy and asthma history of the first or second degree relatives are the risk factors of onset of asthma of children with bronchiolitis in rural area.

Key words: rural, bronchiolitis, asthma, risk factors

摘要： 目的 研究农村地区毛细支气管炎患儿发生支气管哮喘的相关危险因素，为农村毛细支气管炎患儿防治哮喘提供临床参考。方法 选取2005年1月-2008年5月沧州地区农村毛细支气管炎患儿575例，于2011年5月-2013年10月，分阶段对患儿进行29项因素问卷调查及相关的临床体检，完成调查300例，分为哮喘组和非哮喘组。各因素与哮喘的相关性统计，采用软件SPSS 16.0，进行多元Logistic回归分析。结果 300例毛细支气管炎患儿，哮喘患病率为26.33%;哮喘的危险因素依次为:反复下呼吸道感染(X10)(OR=65.562;95%CI:21.604~198.963)，一二级亲属过敏性鼻炎史(X6)(OR=8.161;95%CI:2.735~24.350)，湿疹史(X3)(OR=5.538;95%CI:2.322~13.208)，个人过敏史(X4)(OR=3.458;95%CI:1.529~7.823)，一二级亲属哮喘史(X5)(OR=3.204;95%CI:1.330~7.721)。结论 反复下呼吸道感染是哮喘发生的强预测因子、一二级亲属过敏性鼻炎、哮喘史、湿疹史、个人过敏史是本地区农村毛细支气管炎患儿发生哮喘的危险因素。

关键词: 农村, 毛细支气管炎, 哮喘, 危险因素