Objective To investigate the relative risk factors of the morbidity rate of asthma in children with bronchiolitis in rural areas,and to provide clinical reference for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods A total of 575 cases of children with bronchiolitis were selected from January 2005 to May 2008 in Cangzhou rural areas.The investigation included 29 factors.Then,the sicked children were carried out the clinical examination and questionnaire survey from May 2011 to October 2013.A total of 300 cases completed the investigation and divided into asthma group and non-asthma group,the asthma morbidity rate and risk factors were analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software.The selected factors (P<0.05) were screened by logistic regression analysis. Results Among 300 cases of bronchiolitis children,the morbidity rate was 26.33%.Risk factors for asthma were screened and ranked as follows:recurrently lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) (X10) (OR=65.562;95%CI:21.604~198.963);Allergic rhinitis history of the first or second degree relatives (X6) (OR=8.161;95%CI:2.735~24.350),eczema (X3)(OR=5.538;95%CI:2.322~13.208),personal history of allergy (X4) (OR=3.458;95%CI:1.529~7.823),asthma history of the first or second degree relatives (X5)(OR=3.204;95%CI:1.330~7.721). Conclusion Recurrently LRTI is a strong predictor of asthma,allergic rhinitis history of the first or second degree relatives,eczema,personal history of allergy and asthma history of the first or second degree relatives are the risk factors of onset of asthma of children with bronchiolitis in rural area.