Abstract: Objective To analyze the mortality situation of children under 5 year-old and the change trend in Shaanxi province. Methods The data collected from the children surveillance (2006-2011) in Shaanxi province,using SPSS 13.0 to do statistical descriptive,and evaluated the change trend by using estimated annual percent change (EAPC). Results 1) The mortality of children under 5 year-old was 12.74‰ for Shaanxi province in 2011,descending 53.9% compared to 2006 (27.66‰).The mortality for urban and rural area were 9.45‰ and 13.49‰ respectively in 2011,comparing to the mortality 9.22‰ and 34.86‰ for urban and rural in 2006.The grap between urban and rural mortality for children under 5 year-old was reducing steadily.2) There was significant decreasing trend for the pneumonia mortality for children under 5 year-old in 2006 to 2011.Birth asphyxia,premature delivery and low birth weight had become the main cause of deaths for children under 5 years old.3) Trend analysis of deaths for children under 5 year-old:The mortality of children under 5 year-old in entire province and rural areas had negative correlation with years(P<0.05).Their estimated average annual percent change(EAPC) had statistical significance (P<0.05),but the mortality for urban area had no correlation with years(P＞0.05). Conclusions The overall mortality of children under 5 year-old showed a declining trend gradually in Shaanxi province,but the mortality fluctuated for urban areas.It's needed to strengthen monitoring and intervention.In the cause of death,the infectious diseases (for example,pneumonia,diarrhea and so on) are under the control gradually,and its influence to the death reduced unceasingly.But the proportion of non-infectious disease (for example,the birth suffocates,the premature delivery/Low birth weight) are increasing unceasingly.It's necessary to strengthen comprehensive intervention.

Key words: mortality, children under 5 year-old, trend analysis

摘要： 目的 分析陕西省2006-2011年5岁以下儿童死亡水平和趋势变化,提出干预措施。方法 收集2006-2011年陕西省5岁以下儿童生命监测结果资料,采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行样本资料的统计描述,采用年估计变化百分比(estimating annual percent change,EAPC)来评价儿童死亡指标的时间变化趋势。结果 1)2011年陕西省5岁以下儿童死亡率为12.74‰,较2006( 27.66‰)下降了53.9%;2011年城市、农村5岁以下儿童死亡率分别是9.45‰和13.49‰。2006年城市、农村5岁以下儿童死亡率分别是9.22‰和34.86‰,城市、农村5岁以下儿童死亡率差距在不断缩小;2)2006-2011年陕西省5岁以下儿童的肺炎死亡率有明显下降趋势,出生窒息、早产和低体重已成为5岁以下儿童死亡的主要病因;3)5岁以下儿童死亡趋势分析:全省和农村地区的5岁以下儿童死亡率与年代之间有负相关性(P＜0.05),其年估计百分比变化均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而城市地区儿童死亡率与年代之间无相关性。 结论 陕西省5岁以下儿童死亡率总体呈逐年下降趋势,但城市地区儿童死亡率波动较大,需加强监测和干预;儿童死因中,感染性疾病(如肺炎和腹泻等)逐步得到控制,但非感染性疾病(如出生窒息和早产/低出生体重)的比例不断增加,需要加强综合干预。

关键词: 死亡率, 5岁以下儿童, 趋势分析