Abstract: Objective To investigate the high risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods A retrospective data analysis method,893 cases of RDS infants were chosen in the neonatal intensive care unit in Bayi Hospital from January 2007 to October 2012.Depending on gestational age,they were divided into full-term children group (148 cases) and preterm children group(745 cases).Compared the gender,gestational age,birth weight,mode of delivery,asphyxia,placental problem,premature rupture of fetal membranes,intrauterine infection,meconium aspiration syndrome,maternal diabetes,maternal hypertension within the group and between groups,the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results Single factor analysis indicated that male,cesarean section,intrauterine infection,intrauterine distress were associated with RDS in full-term infants.Premature birth,premature rupture of membranes,maternal hypertension,asphyxia were risk factors of RDS in the preterm infants.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high risk factors and the role of various factors in the RDS disease occur in the size were cesarean section> intrauterine infection> maternal hypertension> birth weight> maternal diabetes> birth asphyxia(OR was for 71.136,66.117,65.824,38.565,4.935,1.940 respectively). Conclusions Many high risk factors are associated with RDS,premature birth,cesarean delivery,intrauterine infection,birth asphyxia,maternal hypertension,maternal diabetes are closely associated with RDS.These clinical factors should be given more attention.

Key words: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, high risk factors, Logistic regression analysis

摘要： 目的 探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)发病的高危因素,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 对2007年1月-2012年10月在八一儿童医院新生儿监护病房住院确诊为RDS的893例新生儿进行回顾性研究。根据胎龄分为足月儿组(148例)和早产儿组(745例),将两组的性别、胎龄、出生体重、分娩方式、窒息、胎盘异常、胎膜早破、宫内感染、胎粪吸入综合征、孕母糖尿病、孕母高血压指各标进行组内及组间比较。采用SPSS 19.0对数据进行统计分析。结果 单因素方差分析显示男性、剖官产、宫内感染、宫内窘迫是足月儿RDS发生的高危因素,早产、胎膜早破、孕母高血压、出生窒息是早产儿RDS发病的高危因素,多因素Logistic回归分析提示,胎龄、分娩方式、出生体重、胎膜早破、出生窒息、孕母糖尿病、孕母高血压、宫内感染为RDS发病危险因素(P<0.05),各因素在RDS发生中作用的大小顺序依次为:剖宫产＞孕母高血压＞宫内感染＞出生体重＞孕母糖尿病＞出生窒息(OR值分别为71.136、66.117、65.824、38.565、4.935、1.940)。结论 RDS的发生是多因素的,早产、剖宫产、宫内感染、窒息缺氧、孕母高血压、孕母糖尿病等与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生密切相关,临床应予以重视。

关键词: 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征, 高危因素, Logistic回归分析